Quiz on the Nervous System

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for routine involuntary functions?

• Somatic Nervous System

• Sympathetic Nervous System

• Parasympathetic Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

Answer explanation

The Parasympathetic Nervous System controls routine involuntary functions such as digestion and heart rate regulation, promoting a state of rest and energy conservation, unlike the other options which serve different roles.

What type of nerves transmit information from the spinal cord?

• Sensory nerves

• Motor nerves

• Afferent nerves

• Efferent nerves

Answer explanation

Efferent nerves transmit information from the spinal cord to muscles and glands, facilitating movement and response. In contrast, sensory and afferent nerves carry information to the spinal cord.

What are the two main components of nervous tissue?

• Neurons and axons

• Neuroglia and neurons

• Dendrites and synapses

• Glial cells and myelin

Answer explanation

The two main components of nervous tissue are neurons, which transmit signals, and neuroglia, which support and protect neurons. This makes 'Neuroglia and neurons' the correct choice.

How many types of glial cells are there in the central nervous system?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Answer explanation

There are 4 types of glial cells in the central nervous system: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. Therefore, the correct answer is 4.

How many types of glial cells are there in the peripheral nervous system?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

There are 2 types of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system: Schwann cells and satellite cells. Schwann cells are responsible for myelination, while satellite cells support neuron cell bodies.

Which system is responsible for controlling skeletal muscles?

• Autonomic Nervous System

• Somatic Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

• Peripheral Nervous System

Answer explanation

The Somatic Nervous System is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles, allowing us to move and perform actions consciously. In contrast, the Autonomic Nervous System controls involuntary functions.

What is the role of neuroglial cells?

• Transmit electrical signals

• Support and protect neurons

• Conduct reflex activities

• Control skeletal muscles

Answer explanation

Neuroglial cells, or glial cells, primarily support and protect neurons. They provide structural support, maintain homeostasis, and facilitate communication between neurons, unlike neurons which transmit electrical signals.

Which type of neuroglia forms a protective covering around the spinal cord and central cavities within the brain?

• Astrocytes

• Microglia

• Ependymal cells

• Satellite cells

Answer explanation

Ependymal cells line the central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord, forming a protective barrier and helping to produce cerebrospinal fluid, which cushions and supports the central nervous system.

What do ependymal cells produce within brain ventricles?

• Myelin

• Cerebrospinal fluid

• Neurotransmitters

• Hormones

Answer explanation

Ependymal cells line the brain ventricles and are responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which cushions the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and maintaining homeostasis.

Which type of neuroglia serves as cushioning support cells in the PNS?

• Schwann cells

• Satellite cells

• Astrocytes

• Oligodendrocytes

Answer explanation

Satellite cells are the neuroglia in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that provide cushioning and support for neurons, helping to maintain the environment around them.