French Rev to Napoleon Review

What cause of the French Revolution is represented by this image?

• Weak leadership of the monarchy

• Unequal social class system

• Economic crisis

• Inspiration from the Enlightenment

Answer explanation

The image likely depicts the rigid social hierarchy of France, where the Third Estate faced oppression from the privileged First and Second Estates. This inequality fueled discontent and was a key cause of the French Revolution.

Who came to power in France at the end of the French Revolution?

• Napoleon

• Louis XIV

• Robespierre

• Louis XVI

Answer explanation

Napoleon came to power after the French Revolution, establishing himself as the leader of France. Louis XIV and Louis XVI were monarchs before the revolution, while Robespierre was a key revolutionary figure but not a ruler.

Under the Old Regime in France, the burden of taxation fell mostly on the

• monarchy

• nobles

• clergy

• commoners

Answer explanation

Under the Old Regime in France, the commoners bore the majority of the tax burden, while the monarchy, nobles, and clergy were often exempt or paid significantly less, leading to widespread discontent among the lower classes.

Which issue was a cause of the French Revolution?

• ineffective rule of Napoleon Bonaparte

• nationalization of the Church

• outrage over the use of the guillotine by the Committee of Public Safety

• demand of the Third Estate for more political power

Answer explanation

The demand of the Third Estate for more political power was a key issue leading to the French Revolution, as they sought representation and rights against the privileges of the nobility and clergy.

Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins are best known for

• instituting the Reign of Terror

• protecting the Catholic Church

• supporting the reign of King Louis XVI

• sending French troops to fight in the American Revolution

Answer explanation

Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins are best known for instituting the Reign of Terror, a period marked by extreme political repression and mass executions during the French Revolution.

The French Revolution started with the storming of the:

• Bastille

• White House

• Palace

• Guillotine

Answer explanation

The French Revolution began on July 14, 1789, with the storming of the Bastille, a fortress and prison in Paris. This event symbolized the uprising against tyranny and the fight for liberty, making the Bastille a key historical landmark.

In which way did the ideas of the Enlightenment influence the French Revolution?

• Superstition and ignorance were promoted.

• The principles of mercantilism were glorified.

• The divine right theory of kings was challenged.

• Punishments for criminal acts were rooted in vengeance.

Answer explanation

The Enlightenment challenged traditional authority, particularly the divine right of kings, promoting ideas of individual rights and governance based on reason, which directly influenced revolutionary thought during the French Revolution.

Leader of the committee of Public Safety

who enforces policies of the Reign of

Terror

• Louis XVI

• Robespierre  

• Napoleon

• Klemens von Metternich

Answer explanation

Robespierre was the leader of the Committee of Public Safety and a key figure in enforcing the policies of the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution, making him the correct answer.

sudden overthrow of the government

• Napoleonic Code

• Bastille

• Continental System

• Coup d'état

Answer explanation

A 'Coup d'état' refers to the sudden overthrow of a government, typically executed by a small group. The other options, like the Napoleonic Code and Bastille, relate to historical events but do not define a government overthrow.

The great French empire that Napoleon created eventually fell after the unsuccessful invasion of Russia. Why was the invasion considered a great disaster for Napoleon?

• There was a massive air attack by the Russians that wiped out most of Napoleons army

• Russia's scorched-earth policy and cold winter wiped out most of Napoleons army

• The Battle of the Bulge wiped out most of Napoleons army

• The newly formed United States allied with Russia to wipe out most of Napoleons army

Answer explanation

The invasion of Russia was disastrous for Napoleon due to the scorched-earth policy employed by the Russians, which destroyed resources, and the brutal cold winter that decimated his army, leading to significant losses.