Exploring Evolution and Population Genetics

Which of the following best describes divergent evolution?

• The process where unrelated species evolve similar traits.

• The process where related species evolve different traits.

• The process where two species evolve in response to each other.

• The process where a species evolves into a new species without geographic isolation.

Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?

• The wings of bats and birds.

• The different beak shapes of Darwin's finches.

• The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

• The evolution of the horse's hoof.

In coevolution, which of the following scenarios is most likely to occur?

• A predator evolves sharper teeth, and its prey evolves thicker skin.

• Two unrelated species develop similar body structures.

• A species evolves to become more similar to its ancestor.

• A species becomes extinct due to environmental changes.

Genetic drift is most likely to have a significant impact on which type of population?

• Large populations with high genetic diversity.

• Small populations with low genetic diversity.

• Populations undergoing stabilizing selection.

• Populations with high gene flow.

The founder effect is best illustrated by which of the following scenarios?

• A large population experiences a sudden reduction in size.

• A small group of individuals colonizes a new habitat.

• A population experiences a gradual change in allele frequencies.

• A species evolves into two distinct species in the same geographic area.

Which of the following best describes a genetic bottleneck?

• A population undergoes a rapid increase in size.

• A population experiences a significant reduction in genetic diversity.

• A population evolves new traits due to environmental pressures.

• A population becomes isolated and evolves into a new species.

Gene flow is most likely to occur in which of the following situations?

• Two populations are completely isolated from each other.

• Individuals migrate between two populations and interbreed.

• A population undergoes a genetic bottleneck.

• A population experiences disruptive selection.

Stabilizing selection is best exemplified by which of the following scenarios?

• A population of birds where only the smallest and largest beaks survive.

• A population of plants where only the medium-sized plants survive.

• A population of fish where only the fastest swimmers survive.

• A population of insects where only the most colorful individuals survive.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of disruptive selection?

• A population of rabbits where only the fastest and slowest individuals survive.

• A population of birds where only the medium-sized beaks are favored.

• A population of fish where only the largest individuals survive.

• A population of insects where only the smallest individuals survive.

Directional selection is best illustrated by which of the following examples?

• A population of moths where only the lightest and darkest individuals survive.

• A population of wolves where only the largest individuals survive.

• A population of plants where only the medium-sized plants survive.

• A population of birds where the smallest beaks and medium sized beaks are favored.