Equilibrium

Mr. Andersen explains chemical equilibrium using a water demonstration, illustrating how reactants and products reach a state of balance. He discusses the Haber process for ammonia production, showing how to calculate equilibrium constants (K) and reaction quotients (Q). The video covers predicting reaction directions using K and Q values, and demonstrates advanced calculations with ICE tables to determine equilibrium conditions.

What does it mean when a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium?

• The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

• The reaction stops completely.

• The concentrations of reactants and products are equal.

• The reaction only proceeds in one direction.

In the Haber process, what are the initial reactants used to produce ammonia?

• Oxygen and hydrogen

• Nitrogen and hydrogen

• Ammonia and oxygen

• Nitrogen and oxygen

What does a Q value less than the K value indicate about the direction of a reaction?

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction will shift to the left.

• The reaction will shift to the right.

• The reaction will stop.

How is the equilibrium constant (K) calculated for a reaction?

• By dividing the concentration of products by reactants.

• By dividing the concentration of reactants by products.

• By adding the concentrations of reactants and products.

• By subtracting the concentration of reactants from products.

What is the purpose of an ICE table in equilibrium calculations?

• To measure the temperature change in a reaction.

• To track initial concentrations, changes, and equilibrium concentrations.

• To calculate the speed of a reaction.

• To determine the color change in a reaction.

What does the 'I' in ICE table stand for?

• Initial

• Intermediate

• Increment

• Inert

If the Q value is greater than the K value, in which direction will the reaction shift?

• The reaction will stop.

• It will remain at equilibrium.

• To the left, forming more reactants.

• To the right, forming more products.

Why is stoichiometry important in an ICE table?

• It helps determine the temperature of the reaction.

• It predicts the color change in a reaction.

• It is used to calculate the speed of the reaction.

• It guides the changes in concentration based on mole ratios.

What is the significance of the equilibrium constant (K) in a chemical reaction?

• It indicates the speed of the reaction.

• It shows the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium.

• It predicts the color change in a reaction.

• It measures the temperature of the reaction.

How can you determine the direction of a reaction using a number line with Q and K values?

• By placing Q and K on the line and moving away from both.

• By placing Q and K on the line and moving towards K.

• By placing Q and K on the line and moving towards the midpoint.

• By placing Q and K on the line and moving towards Q.