Astronomy Unit Test

Name

What scientific theory suggests that the universe began as a singularity and has been expanding ever since?

• Steady State Theory
• Hubble's Law
• Big Bang Theory
• Light Spectra

Who is known for the discovery that galaxies are moving away from each other, leading to the formulation of Hubble's Law?

• Albert Einstein
• Carl Sagan
• Edwin Hubble
• Galileo Galilei

Which theory posits that the universe has no specific point of origin and is in a constant state of creation to maintain a steady density?

• Light Spectra Theory
• Big Bang Theory
• Steady State Theory
• Motion of Distant Galaxies Theory

What aspect of the universe's expansion is described by Hubble's Law?

• The formation of galaxies
• The motion of distant galaxies
• The composition of matter in the universe
• The speed of light

How do astronomers analyze the light spectra of celestial objects to gain information about their composition and motion?

• By measuring their temperature
• By observing their gravitational pull
• By studying the patterns of emitted or absorbed light
• By counting the number of stars in the galaxy

What phenomenon provides evidence for the expansion of the universe and supports the Big Bang Theory?

• The redshift of light from distant galaxies
• The blue shift of light from nearby stars
• The steady-state of galaxies
• The existence of dark matter

The following diagram is known as the ________________________.

• Venn diagram
• Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
• Scatterplot diagram
• Pie chart

What do the vertical axis and horizontal axis on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram typically represent?

• Time in years and distance from Earth
• Temperature and luminosity (brightness)
• Mass and composition of stars
• Planetary orbits and star positions

What is the correct order of stages in the life cycle of a star with average mass like our sun?

• nebula, neutron star, main sequence phase, red giant, white dwarf
• nebula, protostar, main sequence phase, supergiant, white dward
• nebula, protostar, main sequence, supergiant, supernova, neutron star
• nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, white dwarf