Unit 9: Democratic Revolutions

Which of the following best defines absolutism as it existed in 17th and 18th century Europe?

• A decentralized system where power was equally shared between the monarchy and parliament

• A centralized form of government in which a monarchy shared little power with national institutions

• A form of government where religious leaders held the most authority

• A system where nobles controlled the military and tax collection independently

What was the main catalyst that led to the rise of absolutism in Europe?

• The Industrial Revolution

• The wars between Catholics and Protestants

• The Renaissance movement

• The discovery of the New World

How did Louis XIV fund his expensive national army and the Palace of Versailles?

• By borrowing money from other European nations

• Through voluntary donations from the nobility

• Changing the tax system to collect directly from the people

• By selling French colonial territories

Which of the following best describes how the English Bill of Rights limited governmental power?

• It gave the monarchy absolute control over taxation and the military and the rights of the people

• It established Parliament’s authority over taxes, the army, and guaranteed certain rights

• It allowed the king to dissolve Parliament whenever he wished.

• It created a system where the monarchy could rule without Parliament’s approval.

Which of the following religious conflicts contributed to the outbreak of the English Civil War?

• Charles I's attempt to force the Anglican church on Scotland, led to rebellion and forced him to recall Parliament.

• Parliament’s initial support for Charles I weakened as his religious policies favored Anglican traditions over Puritan reforms.

• The Puritans opposed Charles I’s efforts to maintain Anglican rituals, leading to increased tensions between the monarchy and Parliament.

• Parliament sought greater control over religious matters but clashed with Charles I, who insisted on his divine right to rule the Church.

Which of the following best defines the Enlightenment?

• A religious movement that sought to strengthen the power of the Catholic Church in Europe

• A period in which monarchs expanded their absolute power and restricted individual freedoms

• An intellectual movement that emphasized reason, individual rights, and the questioning of authority

• A military revolution in which European nations fought to establish new colonial empires

Which of the following was a key belief of Voltaire?

• Support for absolute monarchy and divine right

• Advocacy for religious toleration and freedom of thought

• Opposition to freedom of speech and expression

• Promotion of a single national religion to unify society

Which of the following was a key belief of John Locke?

• Governments should have absolute power over their citizens.

• People are born with natural rights that cannot be taken away.

• Kings rule by divine right and should not be challenged.

• Freedom is a privilege granted by the government, not a natural right.

Which of the following was a key belief of Montesquieu?

• A single ruler should have absolute power to maintain order.

• Religious leaders should control the government.

• Government power should be divided into separate branches.

• Democracy is ineffective and should be replaced by monarchy.

Which of the following best explains how the Enlightenment influenced the American Revolution?

• It encouraged colonists to accept British rule as part of the natural order.

• It introduced ideas about natural rights and government by consent.

• It promoted the idea that only monarchs could effectively govern a nation.

• It led to increased support for absolute monarchy in the American colonies.