Sampling Methods and Bias in Student Surveys

A school has 500 students. The principal wants to know how many students prefer online classes. She randomly selects 50 students to ask. What sampling method is she using?

• Cluster sampling

• Systematic sampling

• Random sampling

• Stratified sampling

In a survey of 200 people about their favorite ice cream flavor, 150 chose chocolate. If the survey was conducted only in a chocolate factory, what type of bias might this introduce?

• Response bias

• Confirmation bias

• Selection bias

• Sampling bias

A researcher wants to study the average height of 7th graders in a city. She measures the height of students from one school. What is the population and what is the sample in this scenario?

• Population: all students in the school; Sample: 7th graders in the city.

• Population: all 7th graders in the school; Sample: students from one class.

• Population: all students in the city; Sample: 7th graders from multiple schools.

• Population: all 7th graders in the city; Sample: 7th graders from one school.

A city council wants to know the average number of pets owned by families. They survey 100 families in a wealthy neighborhood. What type of sampling method is this, and what potential bias could arise?

• Stratified sampling; potential bias due to limited sample size.

• Random sampling; potential bias from over-representation of pet owners.

• Systematic sampling; potential bias from surveying only families with large homes.

• Convenience sampling; potential bias due to lack of representation from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.

In a study about smartphone usage, a company surveys 300 teenagers. If they only survey students from a tech school, how might this affect the variability of their results?

• The variability of results may increase.

• The variability of results will remain the same.

• The variability of results may decrease.

• The variability of results will be unpredictable.

A farmer wants to know the average weight of apples in his orchard. He weighs 10 apples from each of 5 different trees. What sampling method is he using, and why is it important to choose a good sample?

• Cluster sampling

• Stratified sampling

• Random sampling

• Systematic sampling

A local restaurant wants feedback on a new dish. They ask customers who ordered that dish to fill out a survey. What type of bias could this create, and how could they improve their sampling method?

• The bias created is confirmation bias; they could improve sampling by only surveying those who disliked the dish.

• The bias created is response bias; they could improve sampling by asking only staff members for feedback.

• The bias created is selection bias; they could improve sampling by including a broader group of customers.

• The bias created is measurement bias; they could improve sampling by using a different dish for the survey.

In a class of 30 students, the teacher randomly selects 10 students to participate in a science project. What is the population, and how does this method help reduce bias?

• The population is the 10 students selected.

• The population is the 30 students in the class.

• The population is the teacher and students combined.

• The population is the entire school of 300 students.

A survey about favorite sports is conducted in a gym. If only people who are currently exercising are surveyed, what type of bias is present, and how could it affect the results?

• Response bias is present.

• Sampling bias is present.

• Selection bias is present.

• Confirmation bias is present.

A city wants to know how many residents support a new park. They randomly select 200 residents from the entire city. What is the importance of using a random sample in this situation?

• It allows the city to select only wealthy residents.

• It ensures that only residents who oppose the park are included.

• It helps to gather opinions from a specific neighborhood only.

• The importance of using a random sample is to ensure unbiased representation of the entire city's residents.