Reformation and Consequences: Crash Course European History

The video explores the spread of religious reforms in Europe, focusing on the Peace of Augsburg, the rise of new monarchs, and the impact of Protestantism. It highlights the centralization of state power, the influence of John Calvin, and the establishment of the Church of England by Henry VIII. The video also covers Elizabeth I's reign, the Spanish Armada, and religious conflicts in France, including the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. The conclusion previews future topics on political revolutions and economic changes.

What was the primary reason monarchs began to centralize and professionalize state power during the period discussed?

• To promote cultural exchanges

• To better govern and wage war

• To enhance trade relations

• To improve agricultural productivity

What was a significant challenge faced by new monarchs in consolidating power?

• The splintering of Protestant sects

• The spread of the Black Death

• The rise of new trade routes

• The decline of agricultural output

What was John Calvin's most important theological contribution to Protestantism?

• The doctrine of papal infallibility

• The idea of predestination

• The practice of indulgences

• The concept of transubstantiation

How did Henry VIII use Protestantism to his advantage?

• To gain support from the Pope

• To divorce and acquire land

• To form an alliance with France

• To establish a new trade route

What was the outcome of the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England?

• A successful invasion of England

• A stalemate with no clear winner

• A defeat for Spain due to bad weather

• A peace treaty between Spain and England

What was the main reason for the economic decline of Spain under Philip II?

• Trade embargoes from other nations

• Over-reliance on agriculture

• Failure to understand inflation

• Lack of natural resources

What was the Edict of Nantes and its significance?

• A proclamation allowing Protestantism in France

• A treaty ending the war with Spain

• A law establishing Catholicism as the state religion

• A decree banning Protestantism in France

Who were the Huguenots in the context of French religious wars?

• Catholic reformers

• Jewish communities

• Protestant Calvinists

• Orthodox Christians

What role did women play in the Protestant Reformation?

• They were largely excluded from religious activities

• They led armies in religious wars

• They established schools and promoted literacy

• They were appointed as church leaders

What was the impact of the Protestant Reformation on European monarchs?

• It led to the unification of all European states

• It weakened their political power

• It resulted in the abolition of monarchies

• It helped consolidate their power through religious control