Reformation and Consequences: Crash Course European History

What was the primary reason monarchs began to centralize and professionalize state power during the period discussed?

• To promote cultural exchanges

• To better govern and wage war

• To enhance trade relations

• To improve agricultural productivity

What was a significant challenge faced by new monarchs in consolidating power?

• The splintering of Protestant sects

• The spread of the Black Death

• The rise of new trade routes

• The decline of agricultural output

What was John Calvin's most important theological contribution to Protestantism?

• The doctrine of papal infallibility

• The idea of predestination

• The practice of indulgences

• The concept of transubstantiation

How did Henry VIII use Protestantism to his advantage?

• To gain support from the Pope

• To divorce and acquire land

• To form an alliance with France

• To establish a new trade route

What was the outcome of the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England?

• A successful invasion of England

• A stalemate with no clear winner

• A defeat for Spain due to bad weather

• A peace treaty between Spain and England

What was the main reason for the economic decline of Spain under Philip II?

• Trade embargoes from other nations

• Over-reliance on agriculture

• Failure to understand inflation

• Lack of natural resources

What was the Edict of Nantes and its significance?

• A proclamation allowing Protestantism in France

• A treaty ending the war with Spain

• A law establishing Catholicism as the state religion

• A decree banning Protestantism in France

Who were the Huguenots in the context of French religious wars?

• Catholic reformers

• Jewish communities

• Protestant Calvinists

• Orthodox Christians

What role did women play in the Protestant Reformation?

• They were largely excluded from religious activities

• They led armies in religious wars

• They established schools and promoted literacy

• They were appointed as church leaders

What was the impact of the Protestant Reformation on European monarchs?

• It led to the unification of all European states

• It weakened their political power

• It resulted in the abolition of monarchies

• It helped consolidate their power through religious control