Unit 2 Part 2 Vocab

Fill in the blank: The solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil or oceans is called _______.

• Rock

• Sand

• Water

• Soil

Fill in the blank: Rocks are made when erosion, or the breaking down of the land around you, takes place. The small pieces of land that break down are called _______.

• Sedimentary rock

• Pebbles

• Gravel

• Sand

Fill in the blank: Rocks are formed when other rocks are affected by great temperatures and pressures. These are called _______.

• Metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Volcanic rock

Fill in the blank: Rocks are formed when lava or magma cools, hardens, and forms new rocks. These are called _______.

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Sandstone

The pattern of stripes and layers found within rocks is known as:

• Foliation

• Erosion

• Sedimentation

• Metamorphism

Cementation: the process where grains of sediment get stuck together. It is a chemical process, and the cement is a _______.

• chemical substance

• physical barrier

• natural adhesive

• organic compound

Physical weathering: a natural process that slowly breaks apart or changes _______.

• rocks

• plants

• water

• soil

Chemical weathering: weathering slowly decomposes or decays rocks and minerals. It is caused by rain water reacting with the mineral grains in rocks, to form new minerals and soluble _______.

• salts

• gases

• metals

• oils

Erosion: Water, wind, and other natural forces cause rocks and earth to wear away. These forces also move bits of rock and earth to new _______.

• locations

• directions

• heights

• colors

Parent material: is the minerals and rocks that are slowly disintegrating to form the _______.

• soil

• mountains

• rivers

• oceans