Biotechnology in Medicine

The video discusses the impact of biotechnology in medicine, known as red biotechnology. It highlights the use of recombinant DNA technology for producing safe drugs and human proteins like insulin. Molecular diagnostics, including PCR and ELISA, are explained for early disease detection. The video also covers gene therapy, detailing its application in treating genetic disorders like ADA deficiency. The production of human insulin using genetically engineered bacteria is presented as a success story.

What is red biotechnology primarily concerned with?

• Industrial processes

• Environmental conservation

• Medical applications

• Agricultural improvements

Which of the following is a benefit of using biotechnological techniques in medicine?

• Limited drug availability

• Increased use of animal products

• Reduced immunological responses

• Higher production costs

What is the primary purpose of molecular diagnostics?

• To create new drugs

• To enhance agricultural yield

• To identify diseases early

• To replace traditional medicine

Which technique is used to amplify small amounts of nucleic acids in samples?

• RIA

• PCR

• DNA microarrays

• ELISA

What is the principle behind the ELISA technique?

• DNA sequencing

• Antigen-antibody binding

• Cell division

• Protein synthesis

Which molecular diagnostic tool uses radiolabeled antibodies?

• ELISA

• Radio immunoassay

• PCR

• DNA microarrays

What was a major challenge in producing artificial human insulin?

• Finding suitable animal sources

• Reducing the effectiveness of insulin

• Maturing the prohormone into the functional hormone

• Increasing the cost of production

Which company developed the technique for producing human insulin using bacteria?

• Novartis

• Johnson & Johnson

• Eli Lilly

• Pfizer

What is the main goal of gene therapy?

• To enhance physical abilities

• To create new genetic disorders

• To replace defective genes

• To increase genetic diversity

Which type of gene therapy involves altering genes in germ cells?

• Somatic cell therapy

• Germline therapy

• Enzyme replacement therapy

• Bone marrow transplantation