Definitions for Brain Test

Dendrite: ________ are branch-like extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them toward the cell body.

• Dendrite

• Axon

• Synapse

• Myelin

Axon: A long, slender projection of a neuron that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands is called ________.

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Synapse

• Myelin

The small gap between neurons where communication occurs through the release of neurotransmitters from one neuron to another is known as ________.

• Synapse

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Myelin Sheath

Myelin Sheath: A fatty layer that wraps around the axon of some neurons, increasing the speed and efficiency of electrical signal transmission is called ________.

• Myelin Sheath

• Axon Terminal

• Dendrite

• Synapse

A rapid electrical impulse that travels along the axon when a neuron is activated, allowing it to transmit information is known as ________.

• Action Potential

• Neurotransmitter

• Synapse

• Dendrite

Neurotransmitter: Chemical messengers released by neurons at the synapse to transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands are called ________.

• Neurotransmitter

• Hormones

• Enzymes

• Proteins

Receptor Sites: Specialized structures on the surface of a neuron that bind to neurotransmitters, allowing the cell to receive chemical signals and respond accordingly are known as ________.

• Receptor Sites

• Axon Terminals

• Dendrites

• Synaptic Vesicles

Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain, responsible for thought, learning, and movement is called ________.

• Cerebrum

• Cerebellum

• Medulla

• Pons

Cerebellum: Responsible for coordination and balance is the ________.

• Cerebellum

• Medulla

• Hypothalamus

• Thalamus

Brainstem: Controls involuntary functions like breathing and heartbeat is the ________.

• Brainstem

• Cerebellum

• Cerebrum

• Thalamus