Exploring OOP: Polymorphism and Abstraction

What is the primary purpose of method overriding in C++?

• To allow a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

• To provide a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its base class.

• To hide the implementation details of a method.

• To create a new class from an existing class.

Which of the following is true about abstract classes in C++?

• An abstract class cannot have any member variables.

• An abstract class can be instantiated directly.

• An abstract class must have at least one pure virtual function.

• An abstract class cannot have any constructors.

What is a virtual function in C++?

• A function that is defined in a derived class but not in the base class.

• A function that is declared within a base class and is meant to be overridden in derived classes.

• A function that cannot be overridden in derived classes.

• A function that is only used for input/output operations.

How do you declare a pure virtual function in C++?

• By using the keyword `virtual` followed by `= 0`.

• By using the keyword `abstract` before the function name.

• By using the keyword `override` after the function name.

• By using the keyword `final` after the function name.

Which of the following statements is true about polymorphism in C++?

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their own class only.

• Polymorphism is achieved through method overloading only.

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their base class.

• Polymorphism is not supported in C++.

What is the output of the following code snippet?

• Base

• Derived

• Compilation error

• Runtime error

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an abstract class in C++?

• It can have non-virtual functions.

• It can have member variables.

• It can be instantiated.

• It can have constructors.

In C++, what keyword is used to indicate that a function is virtual?

• `abstract`

• `override`

• `virtual`

• `final`

What is the main advantage of using virtual functions in C++?

• They allow for faster execution of programs.

• They enable dynamic binding and polymorphism.

• They prevent memory leaks.

• They simplify the syntax of the code.

Which of the following is a correct statement about method overriding in C++?

• Method overriding is used to increase the visibility of a method.

• Method overriding is used to provide a new implementation for a method in a derived class.

• Method overriding is used to hide a method in the base class.

• Method overriding is used to change the return type of a method.