Understanding Reasoning: Inductive vs. Deductive

Identify whether the following argument is inductive or deductive: "All humans are mortal. Socrates is a human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal."

• Inductive

• Deductive

Determine whether the following deductive argument is valid or invalid: "If it rains, the ground gets wet. It is raining. Therefore, the ground is wet."

• Valid

• Invalid

• Cogent

• Not cogent

Determine whether the following deductive argument is sound or unsound: "All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly."

• Sound

• Unsound

Determine whether the following inductive argument is cogent or not cogent: "Most Australians love cricket. John is Australian. Therefore, John probably loves cricket."

• Valid

• Invalid

• Cogent

• Not cogent

Identify whether the following argument is inductive or deductive: "The sun has risen in the east every day in recorded history. Therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow."

• Inductive

• Deductive

Determine whether the following deductive argument is valid or invalid: "All cats are mammals. All mammals are animals. Therefore, all cats are animals."

• Valid

• Invalid

• Cogent

• Not cogent

Determine whether the following deductive argument is sound or unsound: "All squares are rectangles. All rectangles have four sides. Therefore, all squares have four sides."

• Sound

• Unsound

Determine whether the following inductive argument is cogent or not cogent: "Every swan we have seen is white. Therefore, all swans are white."

• Valid

• Invalid

• Cogent

• Not cogent

Identify whether the following argument is inductive or deductive: "If a number is even, then it is divisible by 2. 4 is even. Therefore, 4 is divisible by 2."

• Inductive

• Deductive

Determine whether the following deductive argument is valid or invalid: "If a person is a teacher, then they have a degree. Sarah has a degree. Therefore, Sarah is a teacher."

• Valid

• Invalid

• Cogent

• Not cogent