Sintese de Proteínas

What is the process of transcribing DNA into RNA called?

• Mutation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Translation

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for RNA synthesis during transcription?

• RNA polymerase

• Ribonuclease

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

What are the three main stages of translation?

• Initiation, Elongation, Termination

• Selection, Integration, Resolution

• Preparation, Execution, Conclusion

• Activation, Stabilization, Deactivation

Where does translation occur in the cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Golgi apparatus

• Cytoplasm

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• Ribosomes transport amino acids to the nucleus.

• Ribosomes store genetic information for protein synthesis.

• Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

• Ribosomes break down proteins into smaller peptides.

Define codons and their significance in translation.

• Codons are essential for translating genetic information into proteins, determining the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

• Codons are responsible for DNA replication.

• Codons are the building blocks of carbohydrates.

• Codons are used to store genetic information in the nucleus.

How do anticodons relate to codons during protein synthesis?

• Anticodons are complementary to codons and ensure the correct amino acid is added during protein synthesis.

• Anticodons are unrelated to codons and function independently during protein synthesis.

• Anticodons are identical to codons and do not affect amino acid addition.

• Anticodons are found in DNA and do not play a role in protein synthesis.

What is the start codon and why is it important?

• AUG is the stop codon, which terminates translation.

• AUG is a type of amino acid that is not involved in protein synthesis.

• AUG is the only codon used for all proteins.

• AUG is the start codon, and it is important because it initiates translation and sets the reading frame for protein synthesis.

Explain the difference between mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.

• tRNA is responsible for DNA synthesis.

• mRNA is involved in DNA replication.

• mRNA carries genetic information, tRNA transfers amino acids, and rRNA forms ribosomes.

• rRNA transports genetic material.

What happens during the elongation phase of translation?

• tRNA molecules are released from the ribosome.

• The polypeptide chain is cleaved into individual amino acids.

• Ribosomes disassemble the mRNA strand.

• Amino acids are sequentially added to the growing polypeptide chain.