1.5 Genetic Engineering and 1.6 Respiration

Name the structure in the source cell from which the required gene is extracted during the first stage of genetic engineering.

The flowchart represents some of the stages of genetic engineering. A suitable description of stage X would be

• insert bacterial plasmid into required gene

• insert bacterial plasmid into source chromosome

• insert required gene into host bacterial cell

• insert required gene into bacterial plasmid.

Which row in the table identifies the order of stages involved in genetic engineering?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram below represents part of the process of genetic engineering. Structure X is removed from the bacterium and modified during this process. Name structure X.

Some stages of genetic engineering are shown below. Which letter indicates the stage where the plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The diagram below represents a genetically engineered bacterial cell. The structure labelled X is a

• Chromosome

• Plasmid

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

The diagram below shows stages in the production of a substance, such as insulin, by genetic engineering. Which line in the table below correctly identifies S and T?

• S - Gene, T - Plasmid

• S - Gene, T - Bacterium

• S - Chromosome, T - Plasmid

• S - Chromosome, T - Bacterium

The diagram below shows a stage in the genetic engineering of a bacterium to allow it to produce human insulin. Which stage of the genetic engineering process is represented in the diagram?

• Human insulin gene is inserted into a bacterium

• Human insulin gene is inserted into a plasmid

• Plasmid is inserted into a human bacterium

• Bacterial gene is inserted into a human chromosome

The diagram below shows stages in the genetic engineering of a bacterial cell. Which line in the table identifies correctly the structures labelled in the diagram above?

• P - Plasmid, Q - Gene

• P - Plasmid, Q - Chromosome

• P - Gene, Q - Chromosome

• P - Gene, Q - Plasmid

Name a human hormone which has been produced by genetically engineered bacteria.