Many Africans today are Muslim. The early Muslims conquered North Africa and probably spread their faith south of the Sahara along _______ affecting the _______ development of these areas.

• trade routes, cultural

• oases, economic

• lakeways, political

• railways, political

What happens to temperature as elevation increases?

• Increases

• Decreases

• Stays the same

• Fluctuates

When considering latitude, what happens to temperature as one gets closer to the North or South Poles?

• Increases

• Decreases

• Stays the same

• Fluctuates

Which of the following are reasons that Europe has experienced an influx of African and Southwest Asian immigrants in the 21st century? Select TWO correct answers.

• Immigrants are buying their way into select European countries.

• Immigrants are seeking a better quality of life.

• Europe's declining birth rates mean immigrants are needed for economic reasons.

• Europe's religious history allows for immigrants to fit seamlessly into the culture.

• Immigrants are willing to denounce their home-country citizenship when entering Europe.

Which natural disasters have the greatest impact on economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa?

• Droughts

• Tornados

• Hurricanes

• Earthquakes

Africa is considered the continent with the highest overall elevation. Identify and describe TWO physical features that make this statement true AND give TWO specific examples of each feature you mention.

Sub-Saharan African countries generally have subsistence agriculture economies, whereas Northern Europe's current economy would BEST be described as:

• tourism and luxury goods

• manufacturing and high-tech industries

• cottage industries

• fishing and agriculture

In the middle to late 1800s, the discovery of ______________ caused South Africa's population to grow.

• copper and lead

• coal and iron ore

• diamonds and gold

• silver and emeralds

The country of South Sudan broke off and became a(n) ​​ ​ (a)   country from Sudan in 2011.The formation of the new country was due to

​ (b)  

. One of the main reasons for the event was a

(c)  

conflict that just could not be agreed upon.

• Independent
• Civil war
• cultural
• Dependent
• Peace treaty
• Economic alliance

The Sahara desert has had the most impact on-

• cultural differences between North and sub-Saharan Africa

• tectonic activity leading to earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis

• Tourism to Africa's tropical rainforest and Nile River

• Agricultural development in the Mediterranean region