Educational Research Method Chapter 1 (Quiz)

What legislation holds schools accountable for monitoring student progress based on test scores?

• National Education Association (NEA)

• Common Core Standards

• Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

• The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation

Why is it important for future educators to be knowledgeable about a multitude of research approaches?

• To limit the scope of research approaches

• To strictly adhere to NCLB guidelines

• To promote creative, innovative solutions to current educational problems

• To avoid using scientific research

Which type of reasoning is referred to as a 'bottom-up' approach?

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Scientific method

• Hypothetic-deductive method

Which method begins by forming a hypothesis?

• Case study

• Phenomenology

• Hypothetic-deductive method

• Grounded theory

Inductive reasoning is most closely associated with what research approaches?

• Quantitative approaches

• Experimental research

• Mixed-methods approaches

• Qualitative approaches

Which philosophical framework is used by most researchers who take a purely quantitative approach?

• Advocacy/Liberatory

• Social constructivism

• Pragmatism

• Scientific realism

In educational research, when constructs are measured, they are known as what?

• Theories

• Hypotheses

• Constructs

• Variables

What do social constructivists argue about phenomena?

• Focus on objective reality that can be captured through research

• Seek to establish cause-and-effect relationships

• Argue that phenomena must be understood as complex 'wholes'

• Believe inquiry can be value-free

What is the goal of advocacy or liberatory researchers?

• Liberation through knowledge gathering

• Describing objective reality

• Establishing causality

• Understanding complex wholes

What does research help pragmatists do?

• Describing a real world

• Finding cause-and-effect relationships

• Identifying what works

• Describing a socially constructed world