4.3 Mastery Check

1. What is convection?

• The movement of water underground
• The movement of warm air rising and cool air sinking
• The spinning of the Earth
• The way clouds stay in the sky

2. What causes warm air to rise?

• Warm air is lighter than cool air
• Warm air is pushed by the wind
• Cool air disappears when warm air comes in
• The Sun pulls warm air upward

3. How does convection help create wind?

• Warm air rises, and cool air moves in to take its place
• The Sun makes the wind blow
• Air stops moving when it gets cold
• Wind is only caused by ocean waves

4. What type of weather is usually found in a low-pressure system?

• Clear skies and calm weather
• Stormy, rainy, or cloudy weather
• Hot and dry conditions
• Cold and snowy weather

5. How do sea breezes form?

• Warm air over the ocean rises, and cool air from the land moves in
• Warm air over the land rises, and cool air from the ocean moves in
• The ocean heats up faster than the land, creating strong winds
• Land and ocean air mix together and stop moving

6. What is one way climate change is affecting convection and weather?

• It makes the Earth spin faster
• It makes storms stronger because warm air rises more quickly
• It stops all clouds from forming
• It makes all places colder

7. Why do stronger storms form when the Earth gets hotter?

• Warmer air holds more moisture, leading to bigger storms
• The Sun gets hotter every year
• Hurricanes form when the air is dry
• The wind stops moving when it’s hot

8. How can convection affect ocean currents?

• It makes ocean water rise and fall, changing currents
• It turns ocean water into clouds
• It stops ocean water from moving
• It only affects lakes, not the ocean

9. Which of the following is a possible effect of climate change on weather patterns?

• More heatwaves and wildfires
• Less extreme weather events
• The complete stop of wind movement
• No more clouds forming anywhere

10. What can people do to help slow down climate change?

• Use less energy and plant trees
• Burn more fossil fuels to keep the air warm
• Stop the wind from blowing
• Remove all clouds from the sky