A software company wants to adopt a security framework that ensures compliance with industry regulations and improves its overall security posture.

Which of the following frameworks should they consider?

• NIST Cybersecurity Framework

• COBIT

• ISO/IEC 27001

• All of the above

A user reports that their files have become inaccessible and are displaying a message demanding payment for decryption.
What type of malware is involved?

• Spyware

• Trojan horse

• Ransomware

• Adware

A company's IT team discovers an attacker has gained unauthorized access to their internal systems through a vulnerability that had a patch released three months ago but was never applied.

What could have prevented this security breach?

• Regular software updates and patch management

• Disabling all network connections

• Encrypting all incoming emails

• Blocking all remote access

An attacker bombards a company's web server with a massive amount of fake traffic, causing it to crash.

Which type of attack is taking place?

• SQL Injection

• Denial-of-service (DoS)

• Insider threat

• Phishing

A company wants to ensure its data remains available to employees even in the event of a cyberattack.
Which security principle does this align with?

• Confidentiality

• Integrity

• Availability

• Redundancy

An employee working remotely logs into a company system using only a simple password. Later, unauthorized access is detected from an unknown device.
What security measure could have prevented this incident?

• Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

• Disabling employee remote access

• Allowing password reuse

• Using a default VPN

A company's database containing customer information was accessed by an unauthorized individual. The company discovered that a weak default password was still being used for administrative access.
Which security vulnerability contributed to this breach?

• Social engineering

• Outdated antivirus software

• Use of default credentials

• Secure encryption protocols

A company employee receives an email warning that their account will be locked unless they click a link to verify their credentials. The email appears to be from the IT department but contains spelling errors and an unusual sender address.
What type of attack is this?

• Ransomware

• Phishing

• Denial-of-service

• Malware

What is the primary purpose of Information Security?

• To protect physical company assets

• To ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability

• To improve network speed

• To enhance user experience

Which of the following best describes the concept of Information Security?

• The protection of physical assets from theft

• The protection of information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, alteration, or destruction

• The development of new software programs for businesses

• The process of encrypting all online content for user privacy