Immunology I

A small injected dose of a pathogen that stimulates the production of antibodies is:

• histamine
• interferon
• pathogen
• vaccine

The first line of localized defense of the immune system is:

• lymphatic response
• infection response
• auto-immune response
• inflammatory response

This reaction may cause sneezing, watery eyes, and cough in response to a foreign substance:

• immune response
• allergic response
• interferon response
• None of the above responses are correct

The first line of defense against antigen is the _________ system.

• respiratory
• digestive
• integumentary
• lymphatic

First-line defence mechanisms in humans include

• development of fever.

• the action of phagocytes.

• the use of antibiotics.

• the presence of cilia on some cells.

The cells derived from lymphoid as well as myeloid lineage of HSC are

• DC

• APC

• LC

• Macrophages

A 5-year-old child falls and scratches herself and within a few days has an enlarged lymph node in the area draining the abrasion. The cells in the lymph node are reacting to the foreign stimulus that entered the skin and that was transported to the lymph node by which of the following?

• immunoglobulin

• T cells

• Dendritic cells

• TLRs

Upon inhalation, a small dust particle reaches the alveolus. Which of the following innate immune mechanism gets activated?

• the released granular contents of your granulocytes.

• the physical barrier produced by hairs.

• phagocytosis by macrophages.

• mucus combined with the movement of cilia of the lining cells.

Which of the following is a distinction between the innate and adaptive immune systems?

• the ability of the cells of only one system to produce cytokines.

• the capacity for exquisite antigenic specificity in only one system

• the capacity of only one system to recognize virally infected cells.

• the ability of cells of only one system to mediate cell cytotoxicity

Examples for professional APCs

• T lymphocytes

• Dendritic cells

• B lymphocytes

• Erythrocytes