Groundwater and Surface Water Concepts

Dependence

• A state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else.

• A feeling of independence and self-sufficiency.

• A condition of being free from external control.

• A temporary state of needing assistance.

Watershed

• A land area that channels rainfall and snowmelt to creeks, streams, and rivers and eventually to outflow points, such as reservoirs, bays, and the ocean.

• A type of ecosystem that supports diverse wildlife and plant species.

• An area of land that is permanently flooded with water.

• A region characterized by dry climate and minimal vegetation.

Aquifer

• A layer of soil that retains moisture

• An underground layer of water bearing material, consisting of permeable or fractured rock, or of unconsolidated materials.

• A type of water reservoir above ground

• A geological formation that prevents water from passing through

Irrigation

• The natural process of watering land through rainfall.

• The artificial process of watering land to grow crops, lawns, and landscape plants.

• A method of planting seeds directly into the soil without prior watering.

• The process of draining water from land to prevent flooding.

Wells

• Water that comes from underground aquifers and is extracted from the ground using a pump, bucket, or mechanical device.

• A type of structure built to store rainwater.

• A method of irrigation that uses surface water.

• A natural spring that flows continuously.

Over Fishing

• The practice of catching fish faster than they can reproduce, which can lead to population decline and harm to ocean ecosystems.

• A method of fishing that promotes sustainable practices and protects marine life.

• The act of fishing in a manner that is regulated and monitored by government authorities.

• A recreational activity that involves catching fish for sport without harming the environment.

Water Table

• The boundary between the ground saturated with water and the unsaturated ground above it.

• A layer of soil that is always dry and never holds water.

• The level at which water can be found in a river or lake.

• The point at which groundwater becomes surface water.

Groundwater

• Water that collects underground in cracks and spaces in rock.

• Water that flows on the surface of the earth.

• Water that evaporates from lakes and rivers.

• Water that is stored in glaciers and ice caps.

Recharge Zones

• An area of land where surface water seeps into the ground and replenishes an aquifer.

• A region where groundwater is extracted for human use.

• A zone where water is stored in large reservoirs.

• An area that prevents water from entering the soil.

Artificial Reef

• A natural formation of rocks and corals that supports marine life.

• A man-made structure that provides a habitat for aquatic organisms like fish.

• A type of fishing net used to catch fish in deep waters.

• A floating device used for recreational boating.