Biology Chapter 5 Review

This diagram is an overview of what?

• mitosis cell cycle

• photosynthesis process

• human digestive system

• water cycle

This process (above) is divided into two parts: _______ and _______.

• interphase and mitosis

• prophase and metaphase

• anaphase and telophase

• cytokinesis and karyokinesis

What do these letters stand for?

• M

• synthesis

• S

• second gap phase

• G

• mitosis

• I

• Interphase

• G2

• gap phase

Use the Word Bank above to match the following: 1. DNA polymerase 2. RNA polymerase 3. Ribosome 4. DNA 5. RNA 6. Protein.

• RNA

• RNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• RNA

• DNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

• DNA

• DNA

• Ribosome

• Ribosome

The central dogma of biology states that DNA ________, and _____________

• Self replicates, it’s information goes from DNA to RNA to protein

• Spontaneously generates, from Protien to DNA

• Has always been been here, from DNA to Protien

Match the letter with the corresponding scientist(s):

• Oswald Avery (1877-1955)

• He and his team used a series of enzyme that could destroy particular categories of molecules in bacteria and showed the identity of the transforming principle to be DNA

• Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945)

• Shared a Nobel Prize for elucidating the 3-D structure of DNA

• Watson & Crick (1962)

• Selectively mated flies with different traits and quantified which traits were more often inherited together

• Hersey & Chase (1952)

• Her X-ray image of DNA demonstrated a double-helical structure

• Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958)

• Radioactively labeled phosphorus atoms in viral DNA and showed that DNA is alone responsible for transmission of genetic information

Match the letter with the corresponding term:

• transcription

• The process of programmed cell death that is necessary to prevent overgrowth of cells

• translation

• The process of building proteins out of the building-block amino acids specified by the DNA code

• telomere

• The process of copying genes from DNA into RNA

• apoptosis

• The end regions of the chromosome that shorten with each round of DNA replication

Cancer forms due to uncontrolled cell growth. What are the features of cancer cells that differentiate them from normal cells?

• Uncontrolled growth and division

• Normal cell cycle regulation

• Programmed cell death

• Stable genetic material

DNA consists of three types of chemical components: 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________

List the four nitrogenous bases:

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

• Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Uracil