Biology Chapter 5 Review

This diagram is an overview of what?

• mitosis cell cycle

• photosynthesis process

• human digestive system

• water cycle

This process (above) is divided into two parts: _______ and _______.

• interphase and mitosis

• prophase and metaphase

• anaphase and telophase

• cytokinesis and karyokinesis

What do these letters stand for?

• G2

• Interphase

• I

• second gap phase

• S

• gap phase

• G

• mitosis

• M

• synthesis

Use the Word Bank above to match the following: 1. DNA polymerase 2. RNA polymerase 3. Ribosome 4. DNA 5. RNA 6. Protein.

• DNA polymerase

• DNA

• RNA polymerase

• Ribosome

• DNA

• DNA polymerase

• RNA

• RNA polymerase

• Ribosome

• RNA

The central dogma of biology states that DNA ________, and _____________

• Self replicates, it’s information goes from DNA to RNA to protein

• Spontaneously generates, from Protien to DNA

• Has always been been here, from DNA to Protien

Match the letter with the corresponding scientist(s):

• Oswald Avery (1877-1955)

• He and his team used a series of enzyme that could destroy particular categories of molecules in bacteria and showed the identity of the transforming principle to be DNA

• Watson & Crick (1962)

• Selectively mated flies with different traits and quantified which traits were more often inherited together

• Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945)

• Her X-ray image of DNA demonstrated a double-helical structure

• Hersey & Chase (1952)

• Shared a Nobel Prize for elucidating the 3-D structure of DNA

• Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958)

• Radioactively labeled phosphorus atoms in viral DNA and showed that DNA is alone responsible for transmission of genetic information

Match the letter with the corresponding term:

• telomere

• The process of copying genes from DNA into RNA

• transcription

• The end regions of the chromosome that shorten with each round of DNA replication

• translation

• The process of programmed cell death that is necessary to prevent overgrowth of cells

• apoptosis

• The process of building proteins out of the building-block amino acids specified by the DNA code

Cancer forms due to uncontrolled cell growth. What are the features of cancer cells that differentiate them from normal cells?

• Uncontrolled growth and division

• Normal cell cycle regulation

• Programmed cell death

• Stable genetic material

DNA consists of three types of chemical components: 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________

List the four nitrogenous bases:

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

• Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Uracil