Understanding Criminal Liability

What does **Actus Reus** refer to in criminal law?

• The guilty mind

• The guilty act

• The intention to commit a crime

• A legal defense

Which of the following is a necessary element for criminal liability?

• Actus Reus only

• Mens Rea only

• Both Actus Reus and Mens Rea

• Neither Actus Reus nor Mens Rea

In which scenario would a person **not** be criminally liable?

• They acted under duress

• They committed the act without Mens Rea

• They lacked Actus Reus

• All of the above

What is **Mens Rea**?

• The physical act of a crime

• A defense to criminal charges

• The mental element or intention behind a crime

• The punishment for a crime

What is the term for when a person is held liable for a crime **without** the need to prove Mens Rea?

• General intent

• Strict liability

• Recklessness

• Negligence

Which of the following best defines **direct intention** in criminal law?

• A person foresees the consequence as possible but proceeds anyway

• A person causes harm by accident

• A person intends a specific consequence and acts to achieve it

• A person acts without considering the risk

What is **oblique intention**?

• When the defendant did not mean to cause harm but knew it was virtually certain

• When the defendant has no intention at all

• When the defendant is reckless in their actions

• When the defendant does not foresee any consequences

Which case is most commonly associated with the test for **oblique intention**?

• R v Cunningham

• R v Woollin

• R v Latimer

• R v Smith

What is **recklessness** in criminal law?

• When a person intends to commit a crime and carries it out

• When a person foresees a risk and takes the chance anyway

• When a person acts in self-defense

• When a person is unaware of any risks involved in their actions

Which case established the test for **subjective recklessness**?

• R v Caldwell

• R v Cunningham

• R v G and R

• R v Woollin