Which of the following best describes the process of research?

• A series of random investigations leading to unexpected discoveries.

• The exclusive use of statistical analysis to prove a predetermined hypothesis.

• A structured set of steps used to understand a specific topic or issue.

• A detailed exploration of a topic using only primary source data.

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a core element of the research process?

• Forming an answer.

• Collecting data to answer the question.

• Posing a question.

• Seeking funding for the research project.

What is the primary distinction between primary and secondary research?

• Primary research collects original data, while secondary research analyzes existing data.

• Primary research is qualitative, while secondary research is quantitative.

• Primary research analyzes existing data, while secondary research collects original data.

• Primary research relies on books, while secondary research uses journal articles.

In the context of research, what does 'reviewing the literature' primarily involve?

• Locating, evaluating, and summarizing existing research on a topic.

• Presenting new theories without referencing prior work.

• Replicating a key study to verify its findings.

• Conducting a statistical analysis of previously published research.

Which of the following describes the role of a 'purpose statement' in research?

• It conveys the overarching goal and direction of the research.

• It lists all potential limitations.

• It outlines budget constraints.

• It provides a broad, unfocused overview of the research topic.

What is the next step once a researcher has identified a problem and reviewed the existing literature?

• Specifying a purpose for research.

• Reporting the findings.

• Analyzing the data.

• Collecting data.

Why is it important to identify a problem when starting a research study?

• To limit the subject matter and focus attention on a specific aspect of study.

• To avoid the need for a literature review.

• To ensure the study is complex and covers a broad subject matter.

• To guarantee that the study will have significant real-world impact.

What is the primary role of 'collecting data' in the research process?

• To formulate a hypothesis based on existing theories.

• To summarize and critique previous research studies.

• To randomly select a general topic of interest.

• To gather evidence that can provide answers to research questions.

What does 'analyzing and interpreting' data involve in the research process?

• Focusing solely on confirming initial assumptions.

• Collecting more data to find a better trend.

• Drawing conclusions, representing data, and explaining findings.

• Ignoring outliers to strengthen the original hypothesis.

Which of the following is the primary consideration when 'reporting and evaluating' research?

• Limiting access to the research to only those in academia.

• Deciding on audiences and structuring the report in an accessible manner.

• Using complex technical jargon to impress readers.

• Writing the report without regard for the intended audience.