Unit 12 Test Warm Up

Which Supreme Court case established that speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment?

• Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

• Schenck v. United States (1919)

• New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)

• Texas v. Johnson (1989)

In Morse v. Frederick (2007), Chief Justice John Roberts emphasized that:

• Students have no First Amendment rights in school.

• Schools may never limit student speech.

• Students do not shed their First Amendment rights at the schoolhouse gate.

• Schools must always protect all forms of student expression.

What constitutional safeguard prevents individuals not involved in rebellion or war from being treated as prisoners of war?

• Ex post facto laws

• Habeas corpus

• Double jeopardy

• Eminent domain

An ex post facto law:

• Prevents excessive fines from being imposed

• Makes an act a crime after it has already been committed

• Guarantees the right to a fair trial

• Protects individuals from self-incrimination

Which of the following best describes constitutional protections against cruel and unusual punishment?

• The Supreme Court has ruled all executions unconstitutional.

• The death penalty is no longer used in the United States.

• Legal decisions and legislation have reinforced protections while executions continue.

• No laws or court decisions have addressed cruel and unusual punishment.

Which Supreme Court case established the principle of protection against self-incrimination?

• Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

• Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

• Texas v. Johnson (1989)

• Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

In Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988), the Supreme Court ruled that public schools must:

• Allow students complete freedom of the press.

• Balance students' rights with principals' responsibilities.

• Never censor school newspapers.

• Follow state laws rather than the First Amendment.

Which Supreme Court case ruled that public school segregation violates the Equal Protection Clause?

• Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

• Korematsu v. United States (1944)

• Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

The Supreme Court’s decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) ruled that:

• Slavery was unconstitutional.

• African Americans were entitled to citizenship.

• Congress had the authority to ban slavery in new territories.

• African Americans were not considered national citizens and had limited constitutional rights.

In In re Gault (1967), the Supreme Court ruled that:

• Juvenile offenders have the same right to due process as adults.

• Minors can be tried as adults in any case.

• Juvenile courts do not have to follow constitutional guidelines.

• Parents must represent their children in juvenile court cases.