Review for Quiz DNA. Transcription , Translation

The mRNA reads CCA: what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying?

_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.

• mRNA / a protein

• a protein / mRNA

• Ribosome / Nucleus

• mRNA / tRNA

Answer explanation

During transcription, mRNA is synthesized from DNA, while during translation, the mRNA is used as a template to synthesize a protein. Therefore, the correct answer is mRNA / a protein.

Which RNA bases would pair with TAC  in transcription? 

• AUG

• ATG

• GCA

• GCA

Answer explanation

In transcription, RNA pairs with DNA bases. The DNA sequence TAC pairs with the RNA base AUG, as A pairs with U and T pairs with A. Therefore, the correct answer is AUG.

One difference between DNA and RNA is that....

• Only RNA has the base Uracil

• only RNA contains the base Thymine

• only RNA contains the base Cytocine

• only RNA contained the base Guanine

Answer explanation

One key difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T), which is found in DNA. Therefore, the correct choice is that only RNA has the base uracil.

A triplet (3 bases)  of mRNA is called a

• codon

• anticodon

• amino acid

• peptide bond

Answer explanation

A triplet of mRNA bases is called a codon. Codons are essential for encoding amino acids during protein synthesis, while anticodons are found on tRNA, and amino acids and peptide bonds are related to the resulting proteins.

What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?

• Aspartic Acid

• Histidine

• Glutamine

• Methionine

Answer explanation

The codon CAG codes for the amino acid Glutamine. In the genetic code, each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid, and CAG is one of the codons that specifies Glutamine.

Translation happens in the - 

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer explanation

Translation occurs in the ribosome, where messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to synthesize proteins. The ribosome is essential for this process, making it the correct answer.

What are the building blocks of proteins called?

• nucleotides

• proteins

• amino acids

• carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The building blocks of proteins are called amino acids. They link together in various sequences to form proteins, which are essential for many biological functions.

An RNA molecule is

• double helix

• always double stranded

• usually double stranded

• single stranded

Answer explanation

An RNA molecule is typically single stranded, which distinguishes it from DNA that is usually double stranded. Therefore, the correct answer is 'single stranded'.

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

• ribosome

Answer explanation

Transcription occurs in the nucleus, where DNA is used as a template to synthesize RNA. The cytoplasm and ribosome are involved in translation, not transcription.