Easy Questions

Identify the region marked X on Figure 1 below, which shows the cross section of an artery.

• Lumen

• Tunica intima

• Tunica media

• Tunica externa

The endothelium layer of the artery is adapted for the transport of blood by:

• being thick and muscular to withstand high pressure

• having a smooth surface to reduce friction

• being permeable to allow exchange of gases

• containing valves to prevent backflow

1 (c) Table 1 below shows the relative thickness of layers in the wall of an artery and a vein.

• Artery has thicker walls than veins.

• Veins have thicker walls than arteries.

• Both have the same wall thickness.

• Wall thickness cannot be determined.

The function of the elastic tissue in the wall of an artery is to:

• Provide structural support

• Allow the artery to stretch and recoil

• Prevent blood clotting

• Regulate blood pressure

Use Table 1 to calculate the ratio of the total thickness of an artery wall to the total thickness of a vein wall. Your answer should be expressed as __ : 1. (2 marks)

• 1:1

• 2:1

• 3:1

• 4:1

Which of the following correctly represents the direction of blood flow in the blood vessels marked A-D in Figure 1?

• A -> B -> C -> D

• D -> C -> B -> A

• A -> C -> B -> D

• B -> A -> D -> C

The function of the heart in the circulatory system is to:

• pump blood throughout the body

• filter waste from the blood

• produce red blood cells

• regulate body temperature

The heart requires its own blood supply because:

• it needs oxygen and nutrients to function properly.

• it can rely on blood passing through its chambers.

• it does not require a separate blood supply.

• it can use oxygen from the lungs directly.

(c) Figure 2 shows a section through a human heart. What is the function of the left ventricle?

• Pumps oxygenated blood to the lungs

• Pumps deoxygenated blood to the body

• Pumps oxygenated blood to the body

• Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Use Figure 2 to identify the letter which represents the right atrium.

• A

• B

• C

• D