Complex Inheritance

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype is the observable expression of an organism's traits, while phenotype refers to its genetic makeup.

• Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype is the observable expression of that genotype.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same and can be used interchangeably.

• Genotype is influenced by environmental factors, while phenotype is solely determined by genetics.

What is the role of alleles in inheritance?

• Alleles are identical copies of a gene that do not affect traits.

• Alleles are different versions of a gene that determine specific traits and contribute to genetic variation in a population.

• Alleles are only found in dominant genes and do not influence recessive traits.

• Alleles are mutations that occur in genes over time.

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What is Incomplete Dominance?

• A form of inheritance where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

• A genetic condition where one allele completely masks the effect of another allele.

• A type of dominance where both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype.

• A situation where a single gene controls multiple traits.

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What is a Polygenic Trait?

• A trait controlled by a single gene resulting in distinct phenotypes.

• A trait influenced by environmental factors only.

• A trait controlled by multiple genes, resulting in a continuous range of phenotypes.

• A trait that does not vary among individuals.

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What is Complex Inheritance?

• Patterns of inheritance that follow Mendelian rules

• Patterns of inheritance that include codominance and incomplete dominance

• Patterns of inheritance that only involve dominant traits

• Patterns of inheritance that are always recessive

What is an example of a polygenic trait in humans?

• Eye color

• Skin color

• Blood type

• Height

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What is the significance of multiple alleles in genetics?

• They decrease genetic diversity within a population.

• They increase genetic diversity and can lead to a wider range of phenotypes within a population.

• They have no effect on phenotypic variation.

• They are only found in plants and not in animals.

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How can environmental factors influence phenotypes?

• By solely determining the genotype of an organism.

• By interacting with the genotype, leading to variations in traits such as height, weight, and color.

• By having no effect on the phenotype at all.

• By only affecting the physical appearance without any genetic interaction.

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Example of Incomplete Dominance in flowers.

• Red flower (RR) and white flower (WW) produce pink flowers (RW).

• Red flower (RR) and yellow flower (YY) produce orange flowers (RY).

• White flower (WW) and blue flower (BB) produce purple flowers (WB).

• Red flower (RR) and blue flower (BB) produce red flowers (RB).

Define Codominance.

• Codominance is a type of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits simultaneously.

• Codominance occurs when one allele completely masks the effect of another allele.

• Codominance is when only one allele is expressed in the phenotype, while the other is silent.

• Codominance refers to the blending of traits from two different alleles, resulting in a mixed phenotype.