Earth's Structure and Volcanoes

What is the layer below the Earth's crust called?

• The mantle

• The core

• The lithosphere

• The asthenosphere

What material does this layer consist of?

• Concrete

• Wood

• Plastic

• Metal

This material is known for its high tensile strength and is often used in construction. What is it?

• Steel

• Wood

• Plastic

• Glass

A composite volcano is:

• a volcano built from many layers of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash

• a type of volcano that is primarily composed of fluid lava flows

• a volcano that is formed by the collapse of a volcanic mountain

• a type of volcano that erupts only once in its lifetime

Look at the photograph of flowing lava. Which part of the lava is still flowing?

• The top part

• The middle part

• The bottom part

• None of the above

Look at the diagram of a volcano and the photograph of a volcano. The diagram is a model of the real thing. Which feature is common in both the photograph and the diagram?

• Lava flow

• Crater

• Ash cloud

• Volcanic cone

Which parts of the world have volcanoes?

• All continents have volcanoes

• Only islands have volcanoes

• Only the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes

• Only Europe has volcanoes

How do volcanoes affect people?

• Volcanoes can cause loss of life and property damage.

• Volcanoes have no effect on people.

• Volcanoes only affect animals.

• Volcanoes only affect the environment.

Earthquakes can cause terrible damage. In 2015 an earthquake hit Nepal. 'Quake' means shaking. So, an earthquake is a shaking of the Earth. More than 9000 people died and 23000 people were injured. The first photograph shows the damage to buildings done by this earthquake. The second photograph shows damage to railway lines after an earthquake in Mexico in 2017. The terrible damage in these photographs is caused by earthquakes.

• What is the meaning of 'quake'?

• How many people died in the 2015 Nepal earthquake?

• What natural disaster is described in the photographs?

• What year did the earthquake hit Mexico?

Earthquakes happen due to:

• volcanic eruptions

• tectonic plate movements

• weather changes

• human activities