Mutation - Review

3 bases in a row on the mRNA strand, that call for a particular amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain:

• chromosome

• gene

• codon

• anticodon

Which statement best defines a mutation?

• a physical trait that negatively impacts the organism

• an adaptive trait that allows the individual to be better fit for survival

• a change in the order, number, or type of bases in the genetic code

• an identical copy of the original DNA strand

Mutations are always bad/harmful.

• True

• False

Possible negative consequences of mutations could be genetic ____________________ and cancer.

• diversity

• disorders

• dominance

• duplication

Chemical or physical agents in the environment that may cause mutations are called:

• mutants

• mutagens

• chromosomal mutations

• missense mutations

Mutations that change a single base pair, usually involving a substitution of one base for another:

• chromosomal mutation

• polyploidy

• translocation

• point mutation

If a point mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence, this is called a:

• nonsense mutation

• silent mutation

• missense mutation

• frameshift mutation

If UCU is changed to UCC, this is a _______________________________.

• silent mutation

• missense mutation

• nonsense mutation

• frameshift mutation

Mutations can benefit humans because they can:

• Cause illness

• Make an organism more suited to live in its environment.

• Make organisms live shorter lives

• Cause organisms to grow extra limbs.

What causes mutations?

• Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
• The amino acids
• Passed down by genetics
• It's how your born