Unit 5 Ecology Test Review

What factor is most likely to lead to an increase in a prey population?

• more predators

• an increase in food supply

• less habitat space

• prey populations never change

What are some human activities that can negatively disrupt the natural carbon cycle? Choose TWO correct answers.

• A. using renewable energy sources

• B. deforestation

• C. composting organic waste

• D. industrial emissions

• E. cycling instead of driving

How would a lack of nitrogen in the soil affect plants?

• Nitrogen deficiency causes plants to produce more flowers.
• A lack of nitrogen in the soil leads to stunted growth and yellowing of leaves in plants.
• A lack of nitrogen results in deeper root systems.
• Increased nitrogen leads to faster growth and greener leaves.

How does fertilizer use in agriculture affect aquatic ecosystems?

• Fertilizer use improves water clarity and supports aquatic life.
• Fertilizer has no impact on water quality or ecosystems.
• Fertilizer use increases fish populations and biodiversity.
• Fertilizer use can lead to nutrient pollution, algal blooms, and oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems.

Some ​ (a)   ​ can help maintain the health of both organisms and ecosystems by helping break down dead organisms into useful nutrients for plants through ​ (b)   .

• bacteria
• viruses

• protists

• photosynthesis

• decomposition

In an ecosystem, a sudden event eliminates all nitrogen-fixing bacteria, leaving other organisms unharmed. Which plant process will be impacted first due to the absence of these bacteria?

• oxygen production

• water production

• sugar production

• amino acid production

Match the trophic level of each organism in the food chain.

• Fox

• Primary consumer

• Lion

• Secondary consumer

• Carrot

• Producer

• Rabbit

• Tertiary consumer

Fill in the blank: In the food web, _______ are primary producers.

• bird

• fox

• grasses

• grasshopper

Select the organism that has the greatest amount of energy available.

Select the organism that has the least amount of energy available.