What is sequential flow in a program?

• A) Code that runs in the order it is written

• B) Code that runs only once

• C) Code that runs in a random order

• D) Code that never runs

Answer explanation

Sequential flow refers to code execution that occurs in the exact order it is written, making option A the correct choice. This is fundamental in programming, as it ensures predictable behavior of the program.

In what areas is assembly language still used today?

• Embedded systems and device drivers, specialized areas

• Web development

• Graphic design

• Data analysis

Answer explanation

Assembly language is still widely used in embedded systems and device drivers due to its ability to provide low-level hardware control and efficiency, making it essential for specialized applications.

In pseudocode, what does the symbol || represent?

• A) Logical XOR

• B) Logical AND

• C) Logical NOT

• D) Logical OR

Answer explanation

In pseudocode, the symbol || represents logical OR, which evaluates to true if at least one of the operands is true. Therefore, the correct answer is D) Logical OR.

To answer this question, complete the lab using the information below. This activity will walk you step-by-step through a while loop. Loops are used to do repetitive tasks many times with only a few lines of code. In this example, the loop will go through each item in an array of foods. As long as the food isn't "Beets", the loop will display a message letting us know which food we ate. However, if the food is "Beets", the loop will terminate and move onto the last line of code. Which is good, because beets are gross. To score points for this activity, click Questions in the top-right corner of the screen and use the code visualizer to determine the correct answers.

• The loop will display a message for each food until it encounters "Beets".

• The loop will display a message for each food including "Beets".

• The loop will not display any message and terminate immediately.

• The loop will display a message only for "Beets".

Answer explanation

The loop will display a message for each food until it encounters 'Beets'. Once 'Beets' is reached, the loop terminates, confirming that the correct choice is the first one.

Why are compiled languages often used for resource-intensive programs like high-end video games?

• A) Because they are interpreted line by line

• B) Because they can only be used on one type of computer

• C) Because they are easier to write

• D) Because they run quickly and efficiently

Answer explanation

Compiled languages are preferred for resource-intensive programs like high-end video games because they run quickly and efficiently, allowing for better performance and resource management compared to interpreted languages.

What is a characteristic of multidimensional arrays?

• It can hold arrays within arrays.

• It can hold only one value.

• It can only be used in one-dimensional space.

• It is a type of function.

Answer explanation

Multidimensional arrays can hold arrays within arrays, allowing for complex data structures. This characteristic enables the representation of data in multiple dimensions, unlike the other options which are incorrect.

What keyword is used in pseudocode to represent a loop with a condition at its beginning?

• A) WHILE

• B) CASE

• C) FOR

• D) REPEAT UNTIL

Answer explanation

The keyword 'WHILE' is used in pseudocode to initiate a loop that checks a condition at the beginning. If the condition is true, the loop executes; otherwise, it terminates. This distinguishes it from 'REPEAT UNTIL', which checks at the end.

What happens when the condition in a While loop is no longer met?

• The loop runs one more time.

• The loop stops running.

• The loop continues to run.

• The loop resets.

Answer explanation

When the condition in a While loop is no longer met, the loop stops running. This means that the loop will exit and control will move to the next statement following the loop.

Why are interpreted languages slower than compiled languages?

• They require more memory

• They translate the code into machine language as it runs

• They need special hardware to run

• They are used only for small programs

Answer explanation

Interpreted languages are slower because they translate code into machine language at runtime, which adds overhead. In contrast, compiled languages translate the entire code beforehand, resulting in faster execution.

What is the main purpose of a compiler in compiled programming languages?

• A) To directly execute the code written by the programmer

• B) To convert the code into machine language

• C) To save the code as a text file

• D) To interpret the code line by line during execution

Answer explanation

The main purpose of a compiler is to convert the code written by the programmer into machine language (B). This allows the program to be executed by the computer's hardware, unlike options A, C, and D, which do not describe the compiler's function.