Cambridge Technicals in IT - Unit 02 - LO6.2

What is a key risk to confidentiality in information security?

• Equipment failure.
• Unauthorised access to sensitive data.
• Accidental deletion of records.
• System unavailability due to maintenance.

Answer explanation

Unauthorised access compromises confidentiality by exposing sensitive data to unapproved individuals.

Which of the following is an example of accidental loss of data?

• A hacker stealing customer information.
• A computer crashing before saving a document.
• A virus encrypting all files on a system.
• An employee deliberately modifying financial reports.

Answer explanation

Accidental loss occurs when data is lost unintentionally, such as through system crashes.

A company experiences a targeted cyberattack that deletes critical business files. What kind of risk is this?

• Accidental loss of data.
• Unauthorised access to data.
• Intentional destruction of data.
• Intentional tampering with data.

Answer explanation

A targeted attack that deletes files falls under intentional destruction of data.

An employee intentionally changes a customer's loan records for financial gain. What type of risk does this pose?

• Intentional destruction of data.
• Intentional tampering with data.
• Accidental loss of data.
• Unauthorised access to data.

Answer explanation

Changing financial records fraudulently is intentional tampering with data.

Which scenario best illustrates unauthorised access to data?

• A company's server crashes due to overheating.
• A hacker infiltrates an HR database and retrieves employee salaries.
• An intern accidentally deletes a client file.
• A virus corrupts a financial report.

Answer explanation

Unauthorised access occurs when an unapproved individual gains entry to protected data.

Which is a common reason for accidental loss of data?

• A power outage before saving work.
• A ransomware attack encrypting company files.
• A former employee accessing confidential records.
• A database administrator intentionally deleting records.

Answer explanation

Accidental loss often happens due to power failures or unsaved work.

A computer virus encrypting and deleting files is an example of which security risk?

• Unauthorised access to data.
• Accidental loss of data.
• Intentional destruction of data.
• Intentional tampering with data.

Answer explanation

A virus deliberately damaging or erasing files is classified as intentional destruction.

A government agency is hacked, exposing classified documents to the public. What principle of information security is violated?

• Availability.
• Confidentiality.
• Integrity.
• Accountability.

Answer explanation

Classified information being exposed compromises confidentiality.

An employee forgets to log out of a work computer, allowing another person to access private data. What risk does this pose?

• Unauthorised access to data.
• Accidental loss of data.
• Intentional destruction of data.
• Intentional tampering with data.

Answer explanation

Leaving an account open can lead to unauthorised access by another individual.

Which action best protects against intentional tampering with data?

• Encrypting sensitive data.
• Using unpatched software.
• Allowing open access to all employees.
• Disabling security logs.

Answer explanation

Encryption protects data from tampering by ensuring that only authorised users can modify it.