The Scramble for Africa

How did Britain take control of South Africa?

• By signing peaceful agreements with all local leaders

• By buying land from African rulers

• Through war, deals with rulers, and control of resources

• By forcing all Europeans to leave the region

Who did Britain fight in the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879?

• The Boers

• The Asante

• The Congolese

• The Zulu

What did the Natives Land Act of 1913 do?

• Gave Black South Africans more farmland

• Forced many Black South Africans into small, poor areas

• Allowed Africans to vote for new leaders

• Divided land equally among all people

How did Britain benefit from controlling South Africa’s resources?

• Britain controlled gold and diamond mines, making British companies rich

• Local Africans were paid high wages for their labor

• Britain shared profits equally with African leaders

• Britain traded land in South Africa for other colonies

What was one effect of British rule in South Africa after independence?

• British rule had no lasting impact

• White settlers lost all land ownership

• The effects of British rule lasted for years

• Black South Africans gained immediate equality

How did King Leopold II gain control of the Congo?

• By making fair trade agreements

• By tricking leaders, using force, and taking resources

• By working with African rulers to build schools

• By purchasing the land from local chiefs

What role did Henry Stanley play in Belgium’s control of the Congo?

• He convinced African leaders to rebel

• He fought in battles against the Congolese

• He made trade agreements with local chiefs

• He gave the Congo back to African rulers

What was the Congo Free State?

• A country ruled by the Congolese people

• A European colony with fair treatment for Africans

• The land King Leopold II claimed as his personal property

• A region controlled by Britain and France

How did King Leopold II’s government treat the Congolese people?

• They were forced to work under terrible conditions

• They were given high wages and education

• They were allowed to trade freely with Europeans

• They were protected from foreign attacks

What happened to the Congo in 1908?

• It became independent

• The Belgian government took control

• King Leopold II kept ruling

• Britain and France divided the land