KQ3 Seismic Hazards

Label the diagram to show the correct seismic waves

a

b

c

d

Secondary

Focus

Epicenter

Raleigh

Primary

Love

What type of faults are these?

a

b

c

Normal

Strike Slip

Reverse (thrust)

Scarp

Rift valley

Rift valleys are found at what plate boundary?

• Divergent

• Convergent: Collision

• Conservative

• Convergent: Submergent

Match the following

• On the earth's surface, above focus

• Seismic

• Relating to earthquake

• Epicentre

• Below surface, where energy released

• Focus

• Fracture in the rock

• Fault

Do these characteristics relate more to shallow or deep earthquakes?

Groups:

(a) Shallow

,

(b) Deep

• less frequent

• 70-700km deep

• Very common

• up to 70km deep

• mid-ocean ridges

• more powerful

• subduction zones

• 75% of all EQs

Match the ways of measuring earthquakes to their characteristics

Groups:

(a) Mercalli

,

(b) Richter

,

(c) Moment Magnitude

• Roman numerals

• Measures shaking intentsity

• Increase in decimals

• Not used anymore

• Mw

• Measures energy release

• Increases in whole numbers

• better for deep EQ

The African plate is​ splitting in 2. As the plate​ (a)   stress on the rock creates ​ (b)   . As the plate continues to pull apart less ​ (c)   is placed on the rock between faults. As a result, the rock​ (d)   into the ​ plastic like ​ (e)  

• diverges
• faults
• pressure
• sinks
• scarp
• plateau
• upper mantle.
• asthenosphere

Liquefaction, lahars and tsunami's are primary hazards

• True

• False

Liquefaction happens when...

• Near the coast

• Rainy season

• Porous soil

• All of them

Are these primary or secondary hazards from seismic events

Groups:

(a) Primary

,

(b) Secondary

• Tsunamis

• Aftershocks

• Flooding

• Landslides

• Ground shaking

• Crustal displacement

• Rock fracture

• Liquefaction

• Avalanches