Urban Environments 3 - Social Stresses

What is the urban heat island effect?

• A phenomenon where urban areas are cooler than rural areas

• A phenomenon where urban areas are warmer than surrounding rural areas

• A type of pollution caused by vehicles

• A method of managing urban traffic

Which of the following is a consequence of the urban heat island effect?

• Increased air pollution

• Reduced traffic congestion

• Lower temperatures

• Decreased rainfall

What is the key term that defines the amount of incoming solar energy reflected back into the atmosphere by the Earth's surface?

What is PM2.5?

• A type of vehicle and industry emission

• A type of enteric fermentation

• Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometres

• A type of urban heat island

What problems can PM2.5 and PM10 directly cause?

• respiratory diseases

• impotence

• mental health disorders

• cardiovascular problems

What is a common result of slum clearance?

• Increase in green spaces

• Improvement of living conditions

• Reduction of traffic congestion

• Decrease in urban population

What is the cycle of deprivation?

• A type of air pollution

• A method of urban redevelopment

• A strategy for traffic management

• A sequence of events leading to poverty

Which of the following is a factor that increases air pollution in urban areas?

• Higher vegetation cover

• Lower population density

• Reduced industrial activity

• Increased vehicle emissions

What is a significant challenge in managing urban social deprivation?

• Low population density

• Economic and social inequality

• High levels of education

• Abundance of green spaces

What is one impact of traffic congestion in urban areas?

• Improved air quality

• Increased social interaction

• Higher levels of air pollution

• Decreased urban temperatures