Understanding Statistical Vocabulary

What is anecdotal evidence?

• Evidence based on scientific experiments

• Evidence based on personal stories or individual cases

• Evidence based on statistical data

• Evidence based on controlled trials

What is the purpose of a treatment in an experiment?

• To observe natural occurrences without interference

• To provide a placebo to participants

• To apply a specific condition or factor to study its effects

• To randomly assign participants to different groups

What does random assignment ensure in an experiment?

• That all participants receive the same treatment

• That the experiment is double-blind

• That each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group

• That the results are anecdotal

What is a placebo?

• A real treatment given to the control group

• A fake treatment given to the experimental group

• A fake treatment given to the control group

• A real treatment given to the experimental group

What is the placebo effect?

• The effect of a real treatment on participants

• The effect of a fake treatment on participants

• The effect of random assignment on participants

• The effect of anecdotal evidence on participants

What does it mean for an experiment to be blind?

• Participants know which treatment they are receiving

• Researchers know which treatment participants are receiving

• Participants do not know which treatment they are receiving

• Both participants and researchers know the treatment assignments

What is a double-blind experiment?

• Only participants are unaware of the treatment they receive

• Only researchers are unaware of the treatment participants receive

• Both participants and researchers are unaware of the treatment assignments

• Neither participants nor researchers are involved in the experiment

What is a protocol in the context of an experiment?

• A set of rules and procedures to be followed during the experiment

• A type of placebo used in experiments

• A method of random assignment

• A type of anecdotal evidence

What is the main advantage of a randomized comparative experiment?

• It relies on anecdotal evidence

• It ensures that the placebo effect is maximized

• It reduces bias by randomly assigning treatments

• It allows participants to choose their treatment

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-designed experiment?

• Random assignment of participants

• Use of a placebo

• Anecdotal evidence

• Control group