Ch8 Lesson 2: Heading Toward War

Enslaved people who traveled on the Underground Railroad as a means of escape were called _______________.

• sailors

• passengers

• conductors

• operators

Answer explanation

Enslaved people who escaped via the Underground Railroad were referred to as "passengers". This term highlights their role in the journey towards freedom, while "conductors" refers to those who helped them.

A _______________ is fighting among people who live in the same country.

• abolitionists

• debate

• treason

• civil war

Answer explanation

A civil war refers to conflict between groups within the same country, making it the correct choice. The other options do not describe internal fighting among citizens.

An abolitionist is 

• a person who put the welfare of the country above their region
• a person in favor of slavery
• a person who wanted to end slavery
  
• a person who wanted to end the spread of slavery

The Republican Party was formed to _______________.

• build a transcontinental railroad

• help pass the Kansas-Nebraska Act

• oppose the spread of slavery

• support slavery

Answer explanation

The Republican Party was formed in the 1850s primarily to oppose the spread of slavery into the territories, distinguishing itself from other parties that either supported or were indifferent to slavery.

This slave was born in Maryland who escaped and made 19 journeys to the South to help others escape

• Frederick Douglas

• Henry Brown

• Harriet Tubman

Answer explanation

Harriet Tubman, born in Maryland, escaped slavery and made 19 journeys back to the South to help others escape via the Underground Railroad, making her a key figure in the fight against slavery.

Both Lincoln and Douglas wanted to _______________.

• be elected governor of Kansas

• end slavery in all states and territories

• be elected to the Senate

• allow people to vote on all important decisions

Answer explanation

Both Lincoln and Douglas were candidates in the famous debates for the U.S. Senate seat from Illinois in 1858. Their primary goal was to be elected to the Senate, making this the correct choice.

To _______________ is to withdraw from a group or a country.

• abolish

• treason

• debate

• secede

Answer explanation

To secede means to formally withdraw from a group or country, making it the correct choice. The other options do not convey this specific action.

What was the main reason that there were 20 times as many enslaved African Americans in the South as in the North by 1800?

• The North had been gradually freeing enslaved African Americans for many years.

• The southern economy depended heavily on slave labor.

• The Second Great Awakening had less effect on the South.

• Southerners had purchased most of the North's enslaved African Americans.

Answer explanation

The southern economy relied on agriculture, which required a large labor force. This dependence on slave labor led to a significantly higher number of enslaved African Americans in the South compared to the North, where slavery was declining.

Which of the following best describes the impact of the cotton gin on the South?

• It decreased the demand for slave labor

• It made cotton cleaning more labor-intensive

• It increased the efficiency of cotton production and revitalized slavery

• It led to the decline of the cotton industry

Answer explanation

The cotton gin significantly increased the efficiency of cotton production, making it easier to process large quantities of cotton. This led to a greater demand for slave labor, effectively revitalizing the institution of slavery in the South.

What was the Underground Railroad?

• A secret network of people and hiding places to help slaves escape to freedom.

• Rights protected by people. 

• Not being controlled by someone. 

• Forced to work without pay.

Answer explanation

The Underground Railroad was a secret network that helped enslaved people escape to freedom, using various routes and safe houses. This choice accurately describes its purpose, unlike the other options.