Diabetes

What is diabetes characterized by?

• High blood pressure due to excess salt

• Hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

• Low blood sugar due to excessive insulin

• High cholesterol levels

Answer explanation

Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, which results from defects in insulin secretion or action. This distinguishes it from other conditions like high blood pressure or low blood sugar.

Which of the following is a classification of diabetes?

• Type 3 diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes

• Juvenile diabetes

• Insulin-resistant diabetes

Answer explanation

Type 1 diabetes is a well-established classification of diabetes, characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin. Other options like Type 3 and insulin-resistant diabetes are not standard classifications.

What type of diabetes is associated with pregnancy?

• Type 1 diabetes

• Type 2 diabetes

• Gestational diabetes

• Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA)

Answer explanation

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It typically resolves after childbirth, distinguishing it from Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, which are chronic conditions.

Which classification of diabetes is abbreviated as LADA?

• Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults

• Late-onset diabetes

• Long-term autoimmune diabetes

• Low insulin diabetes

Answer explanation

LADA stands for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, a form of diabetes that shares characteristics of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, typically developing in adults. This makes 'Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults' the correct choice.

What is one of the primary functions of insulin?

• Transports and metabolizes glucose for energy

• Breaks down dietary fat

• Increases blood pressure

• Enhances protein synthesis in muscles

Answer explanation

One of the primary functions of insulin is to transport and metabolize glucose for energy, helping to regulate blood sugar levels. This is essential for providing energy to cells throughout the body.

What is a result of the destruction of beta cells in Type 1 Diabetes?

• Increased insulin production

• Decreased insulin production

• Increased glucagon production

• Decreased glucagon production

Answer explanation

The destruction of beta cells in Type 1 Diabetes leads to decreased insulin production, as these cells are responsible for producing insulin. This results in high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin.

What condition is associated with unchecked glucose production by the liver in Type 1 Diabetes?

• Hypoglycemia

• Hyperglycemia

• Hypotension

• Hypertension

Answer explanation

In Type 1 Diabetes, the lack of insulin leads to unchecked glucose production by the liver, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels, known as hyperglycemia. This condition is a hallmark of diabetes when insulin is insufficient.

How does glucose intolerance progress in Type 2 Diabetes?

• Rapidly

• Slowly

• Instantly

• Not at all

Answer explanation

Glucose intolerance in Type 2 Diabetes progresses slowly due to the gradual decline in insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function, allowing for a prolonged period of elevated blood sugar levels before significant complications arise.

What risk do many women with gestational diabetes face later in life?

• Developing type 1 diabetes

• Developing type 2 diabetes

• Developing heart disease

• Developing osteoporosis

Answer explanation

Women with gestational diabetes are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life due to insulin resistance and other metabolic changes that occur during pregnancy.

What does LADA stand for in the context of diabetes?

• Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults

• Late Autoimmune Disease of Adolescents

• Long-term Autoimmune Disorder of Adults

• Latent Autoimmune Disorder of Adolescents

Answer explanation

LADA stands for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults, which is a form of diabetes that occurs in adults and is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells.