Quiz about Unit 4 - Sci & Review

Question 1

What is the central part of an atom called?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Question 2

Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons and Neutrons

Answer

Electrons only

Answer

Neutrons and Electrons

Answer

Protons and Electrons

Question 3

What is the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a chemical element?

Accepted Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Compound

Answer

Mixture

Question 4

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Photon

Question 5

What is the term for the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Electron cloud

Answer

Shell

Answer

Orbit

Question 6

What is the unit used to express atomic and molecular weights?

Accepted Answer

Atomic mass unit (amu)

Answer

Gram

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Pound

Question 7

Which subatomic particle has no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Neutron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Positron

Question 8

What is the negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Positron

Question 9

What is the term for the region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

Electron cloud

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Shell

Answer

Orbit

Question 10

What is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom called?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number

Answer

Atomic mass

Answer

Mass number

Answer

Isotope number

Question 11

What is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus called?

Accepted Answer

Mass number

Answer

Atomic number

Answer

Atomic mass

Answer

Isotope number

Question 12

What is the table called that organizes all known elements by increasing atomic number?

Accepted Answer

Periodic table

Answer

Element chart

Answer

Chemical table

Answer

Atomic chart

Question 13

What is the horizontal row in the periodic table called?

Accepted Answer

Period

Answer

Group

Answer

Series

Answer

Line

Question 14

What is the vertical column in the periodic table called?

Accepted Answer

Group

Answer

Period

Answer

Series

Answer

Line

Question 15

What is a metal?

Accepted Answer

A substance that is typically hard, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity

Answer

A gas that is colorless and odorless

Answer

A material that is brittle and non-conductive

Answer

A liquid that evaporates quickly

Question 16

What does malleable mean?

Accepted Answer

Able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking

Answer

Able to conduct electricity

Answer

Able to dissolve in water

Answer

Able to float on water

Question 17

What is conductivity?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a material to allow the flow of electric current

Answer

The ability of a material to reflect light

Answer

The ability of a material to absorb sound

Answer

The ability of a material to change color

Question 18

What is a nonmetal?

Accepted Answer

An element that is typically not shiny and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

Answer

A shiny and hard substance

Answer

A liquid that is highly reactive

Answer

A gas that is highly conductive

Question 19

What is a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

An element that is colorless, odorless, and non-reactive

Answer

A highly reactive metal

Answer

A liquid that evaporates quickly

Answer

A solid that is highly conductive

Question 20

What is a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

An element with properties in between metals and nonmetals

Answer

A highly reactive gas

Answer

A liquid that is non-conductive

Answer

A solid that is highly malleable

Question 21

What are valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom

Answer

Electrons in the innermost shell of an atom

Answer

Electrons that are shared between atoms

Answer

Electrons that are lost during reactions

Question 22

Who was the Greek philosopher that proposed the idea that matter is formed of small pieces called "atomos"?

Accepted Answer

Democritus

Answer

Aristotle

Answer

Plato

Answer

Socrates

Question 23

What did John Dalton infer about atoms in his atomic theory?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of different elements have different masses

Answer

Atoms can be divided into smaller parts

Answer

Atoms of the same element are different

Answer

Atoms can change into atoms of different elements

Question 24

What did J.J. Thomson discover about atoms?

Accepted Answer

Atoms have negatively charged particles

Answer

Atoms have a positive charge

Answer

Atoms are indivisible

Answer

Atoms have no charge

Question 25

What was the main conclusion from Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment?

Accepted Answer

Atoms have a positively charged nucleus

Answer

Atoms are solid and dense

Answer

Atoms are mostly empty space

Answer

Atoms have no charge

Question 26

What did Rutherford infer about the structure of an atom based on his experiments?

Accepted Answer

The positive charge is concentrated in a small central region.

Answer

Electrons are evenly distributed throughout the atom.

Answer

Atoms are mostly solid with no empty space.

Answer

Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths.

Question 27

According to Bohr's model, how do electrons move around the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move in specific orbits with certain energy levels.

Answer

Electrons move randomly in all directions.

Answer

Electrons are stationary around the nucleus.

Answer

Electrons are embedded within the nucleus.

Question 28

What does the "cloud" model of the atom represent?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are likely to be found in a cloudlike region around the nucleus.

Answer

Electrons are fixed in place around the nucleus.

Answer

Electrons orbit the nucleus like planets.

Answer

Electrons are concentrated in the center of the atom.

Question 29

The Greek philosopher who used the term atomos, meaning "uncuttable," for the smallest piece of matter.

Accepted Answer

Democritus

Answer

Aristotle

Answer

Plato

Answer

Socrates

Question 30

Who described the atom as negative charges scattered through a ball of positive charges (plum pudding)?

Accepted Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

John Dalton

Question 31

What experiment convinced Ernest Rutherford that the atom has a small, positively charged nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Gold foil experiment

Answer

Oil drop experiment

Answer

Cathode ray experiment

Answer

Double-slit experiment

Question 32

Whose atomic model resembles planets orbiting the sun?

Accepted Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

John Dalton

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Question 33

What particle did Chadwick discover in 1932 that was hard to detect because it had no electrical charge?

Accepted Answer

Neutron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Positron

Question 34

True or False: Most of the mass of an atom is due to its protons and neutrons.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 35

True or False: Atoms have no overall charge.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 36

True or False: Atoms of different elements have the same number of protons.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 37

True or False: Most of the volume of an atom is due to its nucleus.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 38

Who named the atom around 400 BC?

Accepted Answer

Democritus

Answer

John Dalton

Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Question 39

Who proposed the first atomic theory in 1803?

Accepted Answer

John Dalton

Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

James Chadwick

Question 40

In 1897, who discovered the electron and proposed the "plum pudding" model?

Accepted Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

James Chadwick

Question 41

Who discovered the nucleus and concluded that the atom was mostly empty space in 1909?

Accepted Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

James Chadwick

Answer

John Dalton

Question 42

In 1913, who believed that atoms are like planets around the sun?

Accepted Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Answer

James Chadwick

Question 43

Who discovered the neutron in 1932?

Accepted Answer

James Chadwick

Answer

John Dalton

Answer

J.J. Thomson

Answer

Niels Bohr

Question 44

What year is associated with the modern atomic theory?

Accepted Answer

2008

Answer

1803

Answer

1932

Answer

1897

Question 45

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Protons and electrons

Answer

Neutrons and electrons

Answer

Electrons only

Question 46

What charge does the nucleus of an atom have?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Negative

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Variable

Question 47

What is the charge of a proton?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Negative

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Variable

Question 48

Where are neutrons found in an atom?

Accepted Answer

In the nucleus

Answer

In the electron cloud

Answer

Orbiting the nucleus

Answer

In the outer shell

Question 49

What is the charge of an electron?

Accepted Answer

Negative

Answer

Positive

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Variable

Question 50

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons

Answer

The number of neutrons

Answer

The number of electrons and neutrons

Answer

The number of molecules

Question 51

How is the mass number of an element calculated?

Accepted Answer

Protons + Neutrons

Answer

Protons + Electrons

Answer

Neutrons + Electrons

Answer

Electrons + Atomic Number

Question 52

Where are electrons with the lowest energy located?

Accepted Answer

In the innermost energy level

Answer

In the outermost energy level

Answer

In the second energy level

Answer

In the third energy level

Question 53

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

8

Answer

4

Answer

6

Question 54

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

2

Answer

4

Answer

10

Question 55

Who discovered the neutron in 1932?

Accepted Answer

James Chadwick

Answer

Albert Einstein

Answer

Niels Bohr

Answer

Ernest Rutherford

Question 56

What does the modern atomic model describe an atom as?

Accepted Answer

A nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons

Answer

A solid sphere

Answer

A nucleus with orbiting electrons

Answer

A nucleus with orbiting protons

Question 57

What is the charge of a proton?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Negative

Answer

Variable

Question 58

How many electrons are needed to equal the mass of one proton?

Accepted Answer

2,000

Answer

1

Answer

10

Answer

1,000

Question 59

What is the atomic number of carbon?

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

8

Answer

12

Answer

26

Question 60

Why is an atom considered neutral?

Accepted Answer

It has an equal number of protons and electrons.

Answer

It has more protons than electrons.

Answer

It has more electrons than protons.

Answer

It has no protons or electrons.

Question 61

Which two particles in an atom have about the same mass?

Accepted Answer

Proton and neutron

Answer

Proton and electron

Answer

Neutron and electron

Answer

Electron and nucleus

Question 62

How does the mass of an electron compare to the mass of a proton?

Accepted Answer

An electron is much lighter than a proton.

Answer

An electron is much heavier than a proton.

Answer

An electron has the same mass as a proton.

Answer

An electron is slightly heavier than a proton.

Question 63

What is the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

The very small center core of an atom

Answer

The particle of an atom that is neutral

Answer

The particle of an atom with a positive charge

Answer

The particle of an atom that moves rapidly in the space outside the nucleus

Question 64

What is a proton?

Accepted Answer

The particle of an atom with a positive charge

Answer

The particle of an atom that is neutral

Answer

The particle of an atom that moves rapidly in the space outside the nucleus

Answer

The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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