Structure of DNA

What are the two molecules that form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• Deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate.

• Glucose and ribose.

• Adenine and thymine.

• Cytosine and guanine.

How does DNA replicate?

• Through a process called semi-conservative replication, where each strand serves as a template for a new strand.

• By splitting into two separate strands and forming new strands from free nucleotides in the environment.

• By using RNA as a template to create a new DNA strand.

• Through a process called conservative replication, where the original DNA molecule remains intact.

What is the importance of the sequence of bases in DNA?

• It determines the color of an organism's eyes.

• It influences the speed of cellular processes.

• The sequence of bases determines the genetic code and the information carried by the DNA.

• It affects the temperature at which DNA can be stored.

What is the role of the phosphate group in DNA?

• It provides energy for DNA replication.

• It forms part of the backbone of the DNA structure, linking the deoxyribose sugars.

• It acts as a catalyst for DNA synthesis.

• It helps in the repair of DNA strands.

In DNA, which base pairs with Adenine?

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Uracil

What is the role of deoxyribose in DNA?

• Deoxyribose is the sugar component of DNA that forms part of the nucleotide.

• Deoxyribose acts as a catalyst in DNA replication.

• Deoxyribose is a type of protein found in DNA.

• Deoxyribose helps in the formation of RNA.

What is the structure of a nucleotide?

• A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

• A nucleotide is made up of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and an amino acid.

• A nucleotide contains a glycerol backbone, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

• A nucleotide is composed of a fatty acid, a phosphate group, and a ribose sugar.

What is a gene?

• A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

• A gene is a type of RNA that helps in protein synthesis.

• A gene is a cellular structure that produces energy for the cell.

• A gene is a type of enzyme that catalyzes biochemical reactions.

What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?

• It allows for the formation of hydrogen bonds between nucleotides.

• It ensures accurate replication and transcription of genetic information.

• It prevents mutations from occurring in the DNA sequence.

• It facilitates the translation of RNA into proteins.

What is the primary function of DNA?

• To provide energy for cellular processes.

• To store and transmit genetic information.

• To facilitate protein synthesis.

• To act as a structural component of cells.