Chapter 13-14

Which of the following best describes the contributions of James Watson and Francis Crick to the explanation of DNA's structure?

• They conducted X-ray diffraction experiments to directly visualize DNA's structure.

• They discovered the base-pairing rules of DNA.

• They built a double helix model of DNA based on data from various sources, including Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction images.

• They isolated DNA from cells and determined its chemical composition.

When must DNA replication occur during the cell cycle for each daughter cell to receive a complete copy of DNA?

• DNA replication must occur during mitosis.

• DNA replication must occur during S-phase.

• DNA replication must occur during G2.

• DNA replication must occur during G1.

From left to right, what is the corresponding sequence of the complementary strand?

• CCACTGA

• GGUGTAT

• GGTGACT

• TTAGATC

During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to which specific region of the DNA molecule?

• Enhancer

• Promoter

• Exon

• Intron

Which direction does DNA replication proceed along the template strand?

• 3' to 5'

• 5' to 3'

• 3’ to 3’

• 5’ to 5’

What makes up the rungs of the twisted ladder in the DNA double helix?

• paired phosphate groups

• paired nitrogenous bases

• paired sugars

• hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of bacterial transformation through experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae?

• Oswald Avery

• Robert Koch

• Frederick Griffith

• Rosalind Franklin

Which of the following best describes the backbone of the DNA molecule?

• Phospholipids

• Nitrogenous bases

• Hydrogen bonds

• Sugar-phosphate

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for unwinding and unzipping the DNA double helix during replication?

• DNA polymerase

• DNA helicase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA ligase

During RNA translation, where does the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain occur?

• Ribosome

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• Nucleus