Biochemistry Review (Biology)

Why would a runner consume carbohydrates before a race?

• Carbohydrates provide insulation for heat.

• Carbohydrates provide structure for tissues.

• Carbohydrates provide energy for the body.

• Carbohydrates provide genetic material for muscle cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Why are nucleic acids necessary for survival?

• Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

• Nucleic acids provide structures for cells.

• Nucleic acids make enzymes to break down food.

• Nucleic acids store fat for long-term energy.

Which macromolecule provides structural support and helps send signals within a cell?

• proteins

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• nucleic acids

How is a DNA molecule arranged?

• double-stranded with alternating deoxyribose and phosphate groups on the sides with adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine in the middle

• double-stranded with alternating deoxyribose and phosphate groups on the sides with adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil in the middle

• double-stranded with alternating ribose and phosphate groups on the sides with adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine in the middle

• double-stranded with alternating ribose and phosphate groups on the sides with adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil in the middle

Brett learned that his car is better protected from the weather when it has been recently washed and waxed. Which best describes the major group of macromolecules that is protecting his car and how it is performing this task?

• Carbohydrates are protecting his car because they break down to create chemical energy in the paint.

• Lipids are protecting his car because they bond with water molecules to form beads of water.

• Lipids are protecting his car because their nonpolar nature makes them insoluble in water.

• Carbohydrates are protecting his car because they can provide structural support in the form of cellulose.

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions in organisms?

• A. Enzymes increase the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• B. Enzymes decrease the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• C. Enzymes have no effect on the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• D. Enzymes maintain the energy needed for a reaction to begin.

Which of the following roles does an enzyme play when the body processes sucrose (table sugar) into glucose and fructose?

• An enzyme decreases the body's need for sucrose.

• An enzyme increases the amount of sucrose available.

• An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down.

• An enzyme decreases the amount of fructose and glucose product available.

As cells grow and increase in size, enzymes become more important to the survival of the cell. Which best explains why enzymes are necessary?

• A. Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

• B. Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during reactions.

• C. The reactions take up too much space in the cell if the enzymes are missing.

• D. The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

Based on the data, how does temperature affect the activity of the enzyme lactase?

• Lactase is most active when the temperature is 5°C.

• Lactase is most active when the temperature is 37°C.

• Lactase is most active when the temperature is 60°C.

• The activity of lactase is not affected by temperature.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Why did the activity of the enzyme lactase decrease at 60°C?

• A. The shape of the lactase active site remains the same.

• B. The shape of the lactase active site changes.

• C. The concentration of lactase increases.

• D. The concentration of lactase decreases.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5