Expanded Definition

Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates shift. For example, the 2013 Bohol earthquake in the Philippines caused severe damage and loss of life.

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A tsunami is different from a regular ocean wave. While ocean waves are usually caused by wind, tsunamis are triggered by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

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A volcanic eruption begins with magma rising through cracks in the Earth’s crust. As pressure builds, lava, ash, and gases are expelled from the volcano.

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Landslides happen when loose soil and rocks slide down a slope. One example is the 2006 Guinsaugon landslide in Southern Leyte, which buried an entire village.

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A flash flood is like a regular flood but occurs much faster. Unlike ordinary floods that take hours or days to develop, flash floods can happen within minutes after heavy rainfall.

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An earthquake starts when stress builds up between tectonic plates. When the stress is too much, the plates suddenly shift, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves.

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Tsunamis can be seen in history, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which affected multiple countries and killed thousands of people.

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