PISA LIKE QUESTIONS (MAJOR SURGERY)

Question 1: MAJOR SURGERY

While undergoing major surgery, patients are anaesthetised so they don’t feel any pain. The anaesthetic is often administered as a gas through a face mask that covers the nose and mouth. Are the following human systems involved in the action of anaesthetic gases? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each system.

1A: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM INVOLVED IN THE ACTION OF ANAESTHETIC GASES?

• YES

• NO

Question 1: MAJOR SURGERY

While undergoing major surgery, patients are anaesthetised so they don’t feel any pain. The anaesthetic is often administered as a gas through a face mask that covers the nose and mouth. Are the following human systems involved in the action of anaesthetic gases? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each system.

1B: NERVOUS SYSTEM INVOLVED IN THE ACTION OF ANAESTHETIC GASES?

• YES

• NO

Question 1: MAJOR SURGERY

While undergoing major surgery, patients are anaesthetised so they don’t feel any pain. The anaesthetic is often administered as a gas through a face mask that covers the nose and mouth. Are the following human systems involved in the action of anaesthetic gases? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each system.

1C: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INVOLVED IN THE ACTION OF ANAESTHETIC GASES?

• YES

• NO

Question 2: MAJOR SURGERY

Explain why surgical instruments used in operating theatres are sterilised.

Question 3: MAJOR SURGERY

Patients may be unable to eat and drink after surgery and so they are put on a drip (infusion) that contains water, sugars and mineral salts. Sometimes antibiotics and tranquillisers are also added to the drip. Why are the sugars that are added to the drip important for the post-operative patient?

• To avoid dehydration

• To control post-operative pain

• To cure post-operative infections

• To provide necessary nutrition

Can the following conclusions be drawn from the graph above? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each conclusion.

If the lungs are transplanted, the heart must be transplanted too.

• YES

• NO

Can the following conclusions be drawn from the graph above? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each conclusion.

Kidneys are the most important organs in the human body.

• YES

• NO

Can the following conclusions be drawn from the graph above? Circle “Yes” or “No” for each conclusion. Most of the patients that have a transplant have suffered from a kidney disease.

• YES

• NO