Küresel Ekonomi Soruları

What was the main goal of GATT when it was established in 1948?

• Increase customs tariffs on industrial products

• Encourage international trade by reducing trade barriers

• Create trade quotas for developing countries

• Restrict globalization

Why were agricultural products excluded from GATT rules?

• Due to the domestic policies of developed countries and concerns about food security

• Because developing countries do not produce agricultural products

• Because industrialized countries are not dependent on agriculture

• To promote global industrial production

Which of the following is not a factor contributing to industrial clustering?

• Proximity to suppliers

• Availability of a qualified labor pool

• High customs tariffs on industrial products

• Competitive pressure

What was a major consequence of industrial clustering in developed countries?

• It created regional economic inequalities

• It decreased global trade

• It eliminated the need for skilled labor

• It reduced competition

What is the main reason that developing countries struggle to develop industrial clusters?

• Lack of natural resources

• Lack of qualified workforce and industrial infrastructure

• Excessive foreign investment

• Excessive government intervention

Why did Nixon end the Bretton Woods monetary system in 1971?

• The US had enough gold to support the system

• The system led to global economic growth

• The US could not guarantee its gold reserves against dollars

• It was beneficial for developing countries

What was the main effect of the 1973 OPEC oil crisis?

• It reduced inflation globally

• It decreased industrial production due to high energy costs

• It increased trade among developing countries

• It lowered energy prices

What was the main reason for the failure of Keynesian economics in the 1970s?

• Governments spent very little money

• The crisis was driven by high production costs, not low demand

• There was a high level of employment in the economy

• Countries refused to use state intervention

What policy change occurred in the 1980s due to the failure of Keynesian economics in the 1970s?

• Increased government spending

• Adoption of neoliberal economic policies

• Return to the gold standard

• Increased protectionism

What was the main principle of the Washington Consensus?

• Increased state control over markets

• Trade liberalization and privatization

• Isolation from the global economy

• High tariffs on industrial products