Ch. 18 Lesson 3

Why were African American soldiers in the West called “Buffalo Soldiers” by Native Americans?

• Because they hunted buffalo for food

• Because of their bravery and fighting abilities

• Because they wore buffalo hides as armor

• Because they lived on buffalo reservations

What challenges did Buffalo Soldiers face while serving in the U.S. Army?

• They were treated poorly by some settlers and army officials

• They were not allowed to fight in battles

• They were only used for guarding forts, not military campaigns

• They had little experience with frontier warfare

Which Apache leader did the Buffalo Soldiers fight against in Texas?

• Quanah Parker

• Victorio

• Sitting Bull

• Crazy Horse

Why did the Texas government send Texas Rangers to the Rio Grande area in the 1870s?

• To fight outlaws who threatened settlers

• To negotiate peace treaties with Native Americans

• To explore and map Texas territory

• To build forts for new settlers

Who was Juan Cortina?

• A leader of the Buffalo Soldiers

• A Tejano who fought to protect the rights of Mexicans and Tejanos along the border

• A U.S. Army general who defeated the Apache

• A Texas Ranger who captured outlaws

What happened to Juan Cortina after his resistance against Texas authorities?

• He became governor of Texas

• The U.S. pressured the Mexican government to arrest him

• He led a successful revolution in Texas

• He was captured by the Texas Rangers

What was the main threat posed by outlaws in Texas during the 1870s?

• They were attacking army forts and stealing weapons

• They threatened settlers and caused instability in border regions

• They formed an alliance with the Buffalo Soldiers

• They worked with Native Americans to reclaim lost lands

What happened to the Native American population in Texas by the late 1880s?

• It increased as more tribes moved into Texas

• It stayed the same despite conflicts

• It decreased dramatically as Native Americans were forced onto reservations

• Native Americans and settlers peacefully shared land

How did the expansion of railroads impact Texas in the late 1800s?

• It slowed down settlement in West Texas

• It made it easier for settlers to move west and increased the number of cities

• It caused Native American populations to increase

• It prevented settlers from traveling to Texas

What was one reason settlers and the U.S. government wanted to remove Native Americans from Texas?

• To return Native American lands to their original owners

• To allow white settlers to expand into the West without conflict

• To create an alliance between settlers and Native Americans

• To prevent Texas from gaining more economic power