IZZ 7-2 Life in Ancient China

also called the “School of Law”

• Legalism

• social class

• Daoism

• Hanfeizi

• Confucianism

Answer explanation

Legalism, often referred to as the 'School of Law', emphasizes strict adherence to laws and governance through a strong centralized authority, distinguishing it from other philosophical schools like Daoism and Confucianism.

promotes a peaceful society

• Legalism

• social class

• Daoism

• Hanfeizi

• Confucianism

Answer explanation

Daoism promotes harmony and balance with nature, advocating for a peaceful society through simplicity and non-action, contrasting with the more rigid structures of Legalism and Confucianism.

the belief that all people with a talent for governing should govern

• Legalism

• social class

• Daoism

• Hanfeizi

• Confucianism

Answer explanation

Confucianism emphasizes that those with the talent for governance should lead society, promoting the idea that moral and capable individuals are best suited to govern, aligning with the belief stated in the question.

people who share a similar position in society

• Legalism

• social class

• Daoism

• Hanfeizi

• Confucianism

Answer explanation

The term 'social class' refers to groups of people who share similar positions in society, often defined by factors like wealth, occupation, and education. This directly aligns with the question, making 'social class' the correct answer.

developed the teachings of Legalism

• Legalism

• social class

• Daoism

• Hanfeizi

• Confucianism

Answer explanation

Hanfeizi was a key figure in developing Legalism, emphasizing strict laws and governance. His teachings focused on the importance of order and control in society, distinguishing Legalism from other philosophies like Daoism and Confucianism.

In Chinese society, the merchants class ranked below the

• farmers and aristocrats

• landowners and traders

• aristocrats and priests

• bankers and farmers

Answer explanation

In traditional Chinese society, the social hierarchy placed farmers above merchants due to their role in food production, while aristocrats held the highest status. Thus, merchants ranked below both farmers and aristocrats.

Chinese families practiced filial piety, which meant that children had to

• eat their vegetables

• do many chores

• go to school

• respect their parents

Answer explanation

Filial piety in Chinese culture emphasizes respect for parents and ancestors. Therefore, the correct answer is that children had to respect their parents, reflecting the core value of honoring family in this tradition.

Confucius believed that society would do well if everyone always did his or her

• duty

• prayers

• jobs

• best

Answer explanation

Confucius emphasized the importance of duty in maintaining social harmony. He believed that if everyone fulfilled their responsibilities, society would thrive, making 'duty' the correct choice over 'prayers', 'jobs', or 'best'.

Laozi believed that people should give up __________ in favor of nature.

• home and family

• wisdom

• laws and government

• worldly desires

Answer explanation

Laozi emphasized the importance of aligning with nature and believed that giving up worldly desires allows individuals to achieve harmony and balance, making 'worldly desires' the correct choice.

During the 200s B.C., Legalism taught that humans were naturally

• good

• disrespectful

• evil

• law-abiding

Answer explanation

During the 200s B.C., Legalism posited that humans were inherently evil, necessitating strict laws and harsh punishments to maintain order and control in society.