SCI 300 - Standard Set 2: Cycling of Matter and Energy

Which of the following is a primary producer in an ecosystem?

• Deer

• Grass

• Hawk

• Mushroom

What is the main source of energy for the Earth's ecosystems?

• Wind

• Water

• Sunlight

• Soil

Explain how energy flows through a food chain in an ecosystem.

• Energy flows from consumers to producers.

• Energy flows from decomposers to producers.

• Energy flows from producers to consumers.

• Energy flows from consumers to decomposers.

Which of the following best describes the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• They produce energy for the ecosystem.

• They recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.

• They consume primary producers.

• They compete with primary consumers.

Calculate the energy transfer efficiency if a plant captures 1000 J of energy from the sun and a herbivore consumes the plant and gains 100 J of energy.

• 1%

• 10%

• 50%

• 90%

Describe a scenario where the removal of a top predator affects the cycling of matter in an ecosystem.

• The population of primary producers increases.

• The population of primary consumers decreases.

• The population of secondary consumers increases.

• The population of decomposers decreases.

Which of the following organisms is most likely to be at the top of a food chain?

• Grass

• Rabbit

• Wolf

• Bacteria

Identify the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy.

• Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Decomposition

• Fermentation

How does the energy pyramid illustrate the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

• It shows energy increasing at each trophic level.

• It shows energy decreasing at each trophic level.

• It shows energy remaining constant at each trophic level.

• It shows energy being recycled at each trophic level.

Explain the impact of deforestation on the carbon cycle.

• It increases carbon storage in trees.

• It decreases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• It increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• It has no effect on the carbon cycle.