Discussion section 3/12

On-center/off-surround receptive fields in the visual system are an example of:

• Temporal summation

• Lateral inhibition

• Spatial integration

• Feedback processing

Which illusion will show neural adaptation in motion cells?

• Stroop effect

• Waterfall illusion

• McGurk effect

• Ganzfeld effect

Action potentials are considered an efficient means of neural communication because they:

• Use a digital-like, all-or-none signal that is energy efficient

• Occur only in the peripheral nervous system

• Allow continuous analog signaling across neurons

• Transmit information with every fine detail of the stimulus

Which set of cells is primarily responsible for detecting edges by integrating signals from adjacent contrast cells?

• Simple cells

• Complex cells

• Hypercomplex cells

• Shape cells

Hypercomplex cells in the visual cortex are best known for their ability to:

• Detect motion direction exclusively

• Identify corners and the ends of lines

• Process color information only

• Mediate auditory-visual integration

The waterfall illusion and the thatcher effect are examples that illustrate how:

• The retina directly transfers detailed information to perception

• Neural adaptation and top-down processing shape our perception

• Sensory receptors always provide an exact replication of the stimulus

• Lateral inhibition only affects peripheral vision

Dichotic listening tasks are used to test the hypothesis that:

• Early sensory processing completely encodes all auditory stimuli

• Most unattended auditory stimuli are filtered out during early processing stages

• Unattended stimuli are fully processed at semantic levels

• Visual and auditory processing occur in the same brain region

The cocktail party effect supports which hypothesis about selective attention?

• That early sensory processing completely blocks unattended information

• That only simple acoustic features are processed from unattended channels

• That later stages of sensory processing can extract personally relevant information

• That unattended information is not processed at any level

In visual search tasks, why does an integrated feature search typically take longer than a simple feature search?

• Because integrated searches occur in parallel across the visual field

• Because integrated searches require a serial process of focused attention

• Because simple feature searches require complex decision-making

• Because integrated feature searches bypass early visual processing

Neuroimaging studies of selective attention have shown that enhanced processing of attended stimuli is associated with:

• Increased alpha-band (8–12 Hz) and decreased gamma-band (30–80 Hz) activity

• Uniform activation across all neural frequency bands

• Increased gamma-band (30–80 Hz) activity and suppressed alpha-band (8–12 Hz) activity

• Decreased activity in both alpha- and gamma-bands